{"id":8053,"date":"2021-06-08T02:29:54","date_gmt":"2021-06-08T02:29:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/?p=8053"},"modified":"2021-06-08T02:36:33","modified_gmt":"2021-06-08T02:36:33","slug":"cac-buoc-quan-ly-tien-do-hieu-qua-trong-quan-ly-du-an","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/?p=8053","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n


\n<\/strong><\/b>Nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, l\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ch\u00fang. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) sau \u0111\u00f3 chia nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Work Breakdown (WBS) l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v \u00e0 trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, g\u00f3i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hay m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ph\u00e2n chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ph\u00ed, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t t\u1eebng g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c WBS v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u00ean th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gi\u00fap cho t\u01b0 duy qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1edf l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u1ee9c tranh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kho h\u00e0ng, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n c\u1ea7n l\u00ean danh s\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m, c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 giao nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng, nh\u1eadp kho, giao nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng, xu\u1ea5t kho, h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n\u2026 Trong m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, l\u1ea1i chia ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n sao cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c sau h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u00a0<\/strong><\/b>
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 ba n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m, ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t,<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia: Nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia s\u1ebd gi\u00fap h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c\u2026<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai,\u00a0<\/strong><\/b>c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea7n so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng: C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau, vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 ba,\u00a0<\/strong><\/b>\u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a Parametric estimating. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c PMI \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t\u2026Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u00eau l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n l\u00e0m b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t 5 ph\u00fat v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u00ec l\u00e0m 6 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t 30 ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0,\u00a0<\/strong><\/b>\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 3 \u0111i\u1ec3m: trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PERT, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo 3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng: bi quan, l\u1ea1c quan v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

(Th\u1eddi gian bi quan + 4x Th\u1eddi gian kh\u1ea3 quan + th\u1eddi gian kh\u1ea3 quan)\/6<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/b>
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp theo ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng g\u0103ng (Critical Path Method) gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00e1c vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u1ebfu \u2013 th\u00ec, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chu\u1ed7i g\u0103ng CCM (Critical Chain Methods).<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t khung tham chi\u1ebfu gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 6: Theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/b>
\nB\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra. Vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1 ra, kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap cho nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro, gi\u00fap linh ho\u1ea1t trong x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan c\u00f9ng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i Hosoxaydung.com<\/a><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. H\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ? C\u00e1ch l\u1eadp t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng nhanh nh\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Top 5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. 6 B\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. B\u1ea3ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u1ea3m \u01a1n c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng Hosoxaydung.com<\/a>. Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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