{"id":7861,"date":"2021-06-07T07:06:41","date_gmt":"2021-06-07T07:06:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/?p=7861"},"modified":"2021-06-07T07:09:31","modified_gmt":"2021-06-07T07:09:31","slug":"tieu-chuan-xay-dung-tcxd-1271985-ve-cat-min-de-lam-be-tong-va-vua-xay-dung-huong-dan-su-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/?p=7861","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng TCXD 127:1985 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eefa x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u2013 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"center\"><b>TI\u00caU CHU\u1ea8N X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>TCXD 127 : 1985<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">C\u00c1T M\u1ecaN \u0110\u1ec2 L\u00c0M B\u00ca T\u00d4NG V\u00c0 V\u1eeeA X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG \u2013 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN S\u1eec D\u1ee4NG<br \/>\n<i>Fine sand for concrete and mortar in construction \u2013 Manual instructions<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>1 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1.1. C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1t c\u00f3 m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi hai ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean 10% (c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean xem ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 1 v\u00e0 2).<\/p>\n<p>1.2. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1t x\u1ed1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-ad-status=\"filled\"><ins id=\"aswift_5_expand\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Advertisement\" aria-label=\"Advertisement\"><ins id=\"aswift_5_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_5\" src=\"https:\/\/googleads.g.doubleclick.net\/pagead\/ads?client=ca-pub-4318815816536903&amp;output=html&amp;h=280&amp;adk=2016488619&amp;adf=3420028814&amp;pi=t.aa~a.408038455~i.5~rp.4&amp;w=777&amp;fwrn=4&amp;fwrnh=100&amp;lmt=1623049566&amp;num_ads=1&amp;rafmt=1&amp;armr=3&amp;sem=mc&amp;pwprc=9666130140&amp;psa=1&amp;ad_type=text_image&amp;format=777x280&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fvanbanphapluat.co%2Ftcxd-127-1985-cat-min-de-lam-be-tong-va-vua-xay-dung-huong-dan-su-dung&amp;flash=0&amp;fwr=0&amp;pra=3&amp;rh=194&amp;rw=776&amp;rpe=1&amp;resp_fmts=3&amp;wgl=1&amp;fa=27&amp;adsid=ChAI8If3hQYQ9YeVx8Gdo69yEkwAUgPS1PnlQyeTLTFvFPKITkoTVxEWeIEwp91ariHA3JrrsjIbpRAs3J260EsRx-j4KdyxPBeA_nLZ3ae6ut7DCCrf25rLxestQ2CY&amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMCIsIng4NiIsIiIsIjkxLjAuNDQ3Mi43NyIsW11d&amp;dt=1623049566410&amp;bpp=1&amp;bdt=1537&amp;idt=-M&amp;shv=r20210601&amp;cbv=%2Fr20190131&amp;ptt=9&amp;saldr=aa&amp;abxe=1&amp;cookie=ID%3D04a8e5bc6641345e-2208b71743c90059%3AT%3D1623041435%3ART%3D1623041435%3AS%3DALNI_MaSytZSsLDc0rd2gmtdT5yt-R3x9w&amp;prev_fmts=0x0%2C1140x280%2C374x280%2C374x280&amp;nras=2&amp;correlator=6544120475099&amp;frm=20&amp;pv=1&amp;ga_vid=2110209687.1623041435&amp;ga_sid=1623049566&amp;ga_hid=351232421&amp;ga_fc=0&amp;u_tz=420&amp;u_his=1&amp;u_java=0&amp;u_h=1080&amp;u_w=1920&amp;u_ah=1040&amp;u_aw=1920&amp;u_cd=24&amp;u_nplug=3&amp;u_nmime=4&amp;adx=362&amp;ady=1058&amp;biw=1903&amp;bih=880&amp;scr_x=0&amp;scr_y=0&amp;oid=3&amp;pvsid=1228461674193773&amp;pem=841&amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.vn%2F&amp;eae=0&amp;fc=1408&amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1920%2C0%2C1920%2C1040%2C1920%2C880&amp;vis=1&amp;rsz=%7C%7Cs%7C&amp;abl=NS&amp;fu=128&amp;bc=31&amp;ifi=6&amp;uci=a!6&amp;btvi=2&amp;fsb=1&amp;xpc=GXXKTzNoHx&amp;p=https%3A\/\/vanbanphapluat.co&amp;dtd=42\" name=\"aswift_5\" width=\"777\" height=\"280\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-google-container-id=\"a!6\" data-google-query-id=\"CNbIsef6hPECFQQ-vQodtecAkQ\" data-load-complete=\"true\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p>1.3. B\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fac m\u1eabu ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>1.4. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eefa th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ri\u00eang hai lo\u1ea1i b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng, song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fac m\u1eabu ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hai ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>1.5. Nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 gia ho\u00e1 d\u1ebbo. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 gia ho\u00e1 d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 k\u00e8m theo cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 gia.<\/p>\n<p>1.6. Nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eefa nh\u01b0 : xi m\u0103ng, c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, v\u00f4i, n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed9n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7m thu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 quy ph\u1ea1m Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eefa x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p>2.1. C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eefa x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kho\u00e1ng th\u1ea1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ef7 ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p. C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n sau khi x\u1eed l\u00ed r\u1eeda m\u1eb7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>2.2. C\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1200 kg\/m3. Trong c\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eabn s\u00e9t, \u00e1 s\u00e9t hay c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c \u1edf d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-ad-status=\"filled\"><ins id=\"aswift_6_expand\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Advertisement\" aria-label=\"Advertisement\"><ins id=\"aswift_6_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_6\" src=\"https:\/\/googleads.g.doubleclick.net\/pagead\/ads?client=ca-pub-4318815816536903&amp;output=html&amp;h=280&amp;adk=2016488619&amp;adf=60141730&amp;pi=t.aa~a.408038455~i.12~rp.4&amp;w=777&amp;fwrn=4&amp;fwrnh=100&amp;lmt=1623049566&amp;num_ads=1&amp;rafmt=1&amp;armr=3&amp;sem=mc&amp;pwprc=9666130140&amp;psa=1&amp;ad_type=text_image&amp;format=777x280&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fvanbanphapluat.co%2Ftcxd-127-1985-cat-min-de-lam-be-tong-va-vua-xay-dung-huong-dan-su-dung&amp;flash=0&amp;fwr=0&amp;pra=3&amp;rh=194&amp;rw=776&amp;rpe=1&amp;resp_fmts=3&amp;wgl=1&amp;fa=27&amp;adsid=ChAI8If3hQYQ9YeVx8Gdo69yEkwAUgPS1PnlQyeTLTFvFPKITkoTVxEWeIEwp91ariHA3JrrsjIbpRAs3J260EsRx-j4KdyxPBeA_nLZ3ae6ut7DCCrf25rLxestQ2CY&amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMCIsIng4NiIsIiIsIjkxLjAuNDQ3Mi43NyIsW11d&amp;dt=1623049566410&amp;bpp=1&amp;bdt=1537&amp;idt=1&amp;shv=r20210601&amp;cbv=%2Fr20190131&amp;ptt=9&amp;saldr=aa&amp;abxe=1&amp;cookie=ID%3D04a8e5bc6641345e-2208b71743c90059%3AT%3D1623041435%3ART%3D1623041435%3AS%3DALNI_MaSytZSsLDc0rd2gmtdT5yt-R3x9w&amp;prev_fmts=0x0%2C1140x280%2C374x280%2C374x280%2C777x280&amp;nras=3&amp;correlator=6544120475099&amp;frm=20&amp;pv=1&amp;ga_vid=2110209687.1623041435&amp;ga_sid=1623049566&amp;ga_hid=351232421&amp;ga_fc=0&amp;u_tz=420&amp;u_his=1&amp;u_java=0&amp;u_h=1080&amp;u_w=1920&amp;u_ah=1040&amp;u_aw=1920&amp;u_cd=24&amp;u_nplug=3&amp;u_nmime=4&amp;adx=362&amp;ady=1746&amp;biw=1903&amp;bih=880&amp;scr_x=0&amp;scr_y=0&amp;oid=3&amp;pvsid=1228461674193773&amp;pem=841&amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.vn%2F&amp;eae=0&amp;fc=1408&amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1920%2C0%2C1920%2C1040%2C1920%2C880&amp;vis=1&amp;rsz=%7C%7Cs%7C&amp;abl=NS&amp;fu=128&amp;bc=31&amp;ifi=7&amp;uci=a!7&amp;btvi=3&amp;fsb=1&amp;xpc=MCSoZRxHST&amp;p=https%3A\/\/vanbanphapluat.co&amp;dtd=49\" name=\"aswift_6\" width=\"777\" height=\"280\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-google-container-id=\"a!7\" data-google-query-id=\"CKL8sef6hPECFY2AvQodTR4ENw\" data-load-complete=\"true\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p>2.3. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ghi \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 1, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1eefa ghi \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 2.<\/p>\n<p>2.4. C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o. C\u00e1t \u1edf kho, b\u00e3i ho\u1eb7c trong khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea5t, r\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c l\u1eabn v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 1<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"42\">\n<p align=\"center\">S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"387\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">B\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u00e1c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1eeb 200 tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82\">\n<p align=\"center\">250 &#8211; 300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"42\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"387\">M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng 5mm, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0ng 0,15, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee5i, b\u00f9n, s\u00e9t b\u1ea9n, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i sunf\u00e1t, sunf\u00edt t\u00ednh ra SO<sub>3<\/sub>, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mica, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so m\u00e0u) kh\u00f4ng s\u1eabm h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">35<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">M\u00e0u th\u1ee9 2 sau m\u00e0u chu\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,0<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">18<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">M\u00e0u chu\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 2<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"42\">\n<p align=\"center\">S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"387\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">B\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u00e1c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1eeb 200 tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82\">\n<p align=\"center\">250 &#8211; 300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"42\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"387\">M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0ng 0,15, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee5i, b\u00f9n, s\u00e9t b\u1ea9n, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i sunf\u00e1t, sunf\u00edt t\u00ednh ra SO3, % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so m\u00e0u) kh\u00f4ng s\u1eabm h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">35<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">M\u00e0u th\u1ee9 2 sau m\u00e0u chu\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">14<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">M\u00e0u chu\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>3 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p>3.1. C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho b\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u00e1c t\u1edbi 300.<\/p>\n<p>3.2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 sau :<\/p>\n<p>3.2.1. T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn.<\/p>\n<p>a) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho 1m3 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng : N, l\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t h\u1ee3p l\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng theo b\u1ea3ng 3, sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh N theo b\u1ea3ng 4.<\/p>\n<p>b) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 :\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image001.jpg\" width=\"88\" height=\"37\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image002.jpg\" width=\"98\" height=\"44\" \/>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (1)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>R<sub>b<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 M\u00e1c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, da N\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0(KG\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/p>\n<p>R<sub>X<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng, da N\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0(KG\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>), x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eefa d\u1ebbo ;<\/p>\n<p>A v\u00e0 B \u2013 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ecdn theo b\u1ea3ng 5 :<\/p>\n<p>c) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng cho 1m3 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, X, kg.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image003.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"39\" \/><\/p>\n<p>d) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 (\u0110), ho\u1eb7c s\u1ecfi (S) cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, (xem b\u1ea3ng 4,5)<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ed3 xi m\u0103ng trong 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng VH, l\u00edt ;<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image004.jpg\" width=\"406\" height=\"42\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>X, N \u2013 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong 1 m3 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng , kg.<\/p>\n<p>r<sub>x<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p>Xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c l\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng :\u00a0r<sub>x<\/sub>\u00a0=3,1<\/p>\n<p>Xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c l\u0103ng xi :\u00a0r<sub>x<\/sub>\u00a0=3,0<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 3<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"46\">\n<p align=\"center\">STT<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"266\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"287\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"192\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ea7m m\u00e1y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ea7m tay<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"98\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(cm)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(gi\u00e2y)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(cm)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"46\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"266\">K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p d\u00f9ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng kh\u00f4, d\u1ee1 c\u1ed1t pha ngay<\/p>\n<p>L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m m\u00f3ng, n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0, n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng, c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0a c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn d\u00e0y c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u khung (pa nen, d\u1ea7m, c\u1ed9t)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u01b0a c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00e0y c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"98\">\n<p align=\"center\">0<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1 \u2013 2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2 \u2013 3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">4 \u2013 5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3 \u2013 4<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5 \u2013 6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">35 \u2013 90<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">15 \u2013 20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">10 \u2013 5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7 \u2013 8<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">8 \u2013 10<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u2013<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">&#8211;<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">4 \u2013 5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5 \u2013 6<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7 \u2013 8<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">10 \u2013 12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c l\u0103ng puz\u00f4lan :\u00a0r<sub>x<\/sub>\u00a0= 2,9<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 v\u1eefa h\u1ee3p l\u00ed K theo b\u1ea3ng 6.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 (\u0110) ho\u1eb7c s\u1ecfi (S) :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image005.jpg\" width=\"124\" height=\"71\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>K \u2013 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 v\u1eefa K (b\u1ea3ng 6).<\/p>\n<p>V<sub>\u0110<\/sub>\u00a0&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 r\u1ed7ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi), t\u00ednh theo ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 4<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u1edbi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"12\" valign=\"top\" width=\"524\">\n<p align=\"center\">K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u, mm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"114\">\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"141\">\n<p align=\"center\">70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\" valign=\"top\" width=\"524\">\n<p align=\"center\">M\u00f4\u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t (\u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng (gi\u00e2y)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t (cm)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7~4,0<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(20~18)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,1~ 1,5 (17~ 14)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,5~ 2,0 (13~ 10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7~ 1,0 (20~ 18)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,1~ 1,5 (17~ 14)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,6~2,0 (13~10 )<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7~1,0 (20~18)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,1~1,5 (17~14)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,6~2 (13~10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7~1,0 (20~18)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,6~1,5 (17~14)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,6~2,0 (13~10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">30-40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">175<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">100<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">165<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">160<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">160<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">155<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">150<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">150<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">145<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">140<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">20-25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">175<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">165<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">160<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">160<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">155<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">150<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">12-15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">1-2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">175<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">165<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">160<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">8-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">3-4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">175<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">5-6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">5-6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">215<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">175<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">7-8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">220<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">215<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">9-10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">225<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">220<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">215<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">215<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">11-12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">230<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">225<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">220<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">220<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">215<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"54\">\n<p align=\"center\">&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"35\">\n<p align=\"center\">13-15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"55\">\n<p align=\"center\">235<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">230<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">225<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">225<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"38\">\n<p align=\"center\">220<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"37\">\n<p align=\"center\">215<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"44\">\n<p align=\"center\">215<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">205<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">200<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"47\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b><i>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch :<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><i>1. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn l\u00e0 s\u1ecfi, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3m \u0111i 10 l\u00edt.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>2. Khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng trong b\u00ea t\u00f4ng tr\u00ean 400 kg\/m3 th\u00ec c\u1ee9 v\u1edbi 50 kg xi m\u0103ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 5 l\u00edt.<\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-ad-status=\"filled\"><ins id=\"aswift_7_expand\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Advertisement\" aria-label=\"Advertisement\"><ins id=\"aswift_7_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_7\" src=\"https:\/\/googleads.g.doubleclick.net\/pagead\/ads?client=ca-pub-4318815816536903&amp;output=html&amp;h=280&amp;adk=2016488619&amp;adf=2094474465&amp;pi=t.aa~a.408038455~i.56~rp.4&amp;w=777&amp;fwrn=4&amp;fwrnh=100&amp;lmt=1623049626&amp;num_ads=1&amp;rafmt=1&amp;armr=3&amp;sem=mc&amp;pwprc=9666130140&amp;psa=1&amp;ad_type=text_image&amp;format=777x280&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fvanbanphapluat.co%2Ftcxd-127-1985-cat-min-de-lam-be-tong-va-vua-xay-dung-huong-dan-su-dung&amp;flash=0&amp;fwr=0&amp;pra=3&amp;rh=194&amp;rw=776&amp;rpe=1&amp;resp_fmts=3&amp;wgl=1&amp;fa=27&amp;adsid=ChAI8If3hQYQ9YeVx8Gdo69yEkwAUgPS1PnlQyeTLTFvFPKITkoTVxEWeIEwp91ariHA3JrrsjIbpRAs3J260EsRx-j4KdyxPBeA_nLZ3ae6ut7DCCrf25rLxestQ2CY&amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMCIsIng4NiIsIiIsIjkxLjAuNDQ3Mi43NyIsW11d&amp;dt=1623049566419&amp;bpp=2&amp;bdt=1546&amp;idt=2&amp;shv=r20210601&amp;cbv=%2Fr20190131&amp;ptt=9&amp;saldr=aa&amp;abxe=1&amp;cookie=ID%3D04a8e5bc6641345e-2208b71743c90059%3AT%3D1623041435%3ART%3D1623041435%3AS%3DALNI_MaSytZSsLDc0rd2gmtdT5yt-R3x9w&amp;prev_fmts=0x0%2C1140x280%2C374x280%2C374x280%2C777x280%2C777x280%2C1903x880&amp;nras=5&amp;correlator=6544120475099&amp;frm=20&amp;pv=1&amp;ga_vid=2110209687.1623041435&amp;ga_sid=1623049566&amp;ga_hid=351232421&amp;ga_fc=0&amp;u_tz=420&amp;u_his=1&amp;u_java=0&amp;u_h=1080&amp;u_w=1920&amp;u_ah=1040&amp;u_aw=1920&amp;u_cd=24&amp;u_nplug=3&amp;u_nmime=4&amp;adx=362&amp;ady=4984&amp;biw=1903&amp;bih=880&amp;scr_x=0&amp;scr_y=1552&amp;oid=3&amp;psts=AGkb-H8zVMp9chF7FE1X33hsHpWBqvH7N9rMiPIBWZ6k-8QfTKt_tPbIPxTx1sjNr2ehoa3uePLjp5HCLVg%2CAGkb-H-8IH05Efyhc0TxxQyXd751Qou0vWrq0wXeGeU7yS9zy6ZGFnYXXN1ri2aZPRSV6FHOOM2YXK8ARho%2CAGkb-H8_Ybz_2d2SiQ0WCNnpC1HYV14MqtpFNo83WDgdAC0kjA6TCL_VG_9R9XQ412IgK8xI9ox3mFkXNQhZ-w%2CAGkb-H8NDyKbvHVT_6VpgdiyPE42xLGmiN8hL6oaUxnHbX7GndRLE03HwBjGRhZnTJMcJJNbeQ5edElhBJbOqA&amp;pvsid=1228461674193773&amp;pem=841&amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.vn%2F&amp;eae=0&amp;fc=1408&amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1920%2C0%2C1920%2C1040%2C1920%2C880&amp;vis=1&amp;rsz=%7C%7Cs%7C&amp;abl=NS&amp;fu=128&amp;bc=31&amp;ifi=8&amp;uci=a!8&amp;btvi=4&amp;fsb=1&amp;xpc=IAOvBAhU3A&amp;p=https%3A\/\/vanbanphapluat.co&amp;dtd=60123\" name=\"aswift_7\" width=\"777\" height=\"280\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-google-container-id=\"a!8\" data-google-query-id=\"CNWLhYT7hPECFUPOfAodvdYBAQ\" data-load-complete=\"true\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p><i>3. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c l\u0103ng x\u1ec9, po\u00f3c l\u0103ngpuz\u00f4lan puz\u01a1lan, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng th\u00eam 10 l\u00edt.<\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-ad-status=\"filled\"><ins id=\"aswift_8_expand\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Advertisement\" aria-label=\"Advertisement\"><ins id=\"aswift_8_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_8\" src=\"https:\/\/googleads.g.doubleclick.net\/pagead\/ads?client=ca-pub-4318815816536903&amp;output=html&amp;h=280&amp;adk=2016488619&amp;adf=3859281302&amp;pi=t.aa~a.408038455~i.57~rp.4&amp;w=777&amp;fwrn=4&amp;fwrnh=100&amp;lmt=1623049626&amp;num_ads=1&amp;rafmt=1&amp;armr=3&amp;sem=mc&amp;pwprc=9666130140&amp;psa=1&amp;ad_type=text_image&amp;format=777x280&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fvanbanphapluat.co%2Ftcxd-127-1985-cat-min-de-lam-be-tong-va-vua-xay-dung-huong-dan-su-dung&amp;flash=0&amp;fwr=0&amp;pra=3&amp;rh=194&amp;rw=776&amp;rpe=1&amp;resp_fmts=3&amp;wgl=1&amp;fa=27&amp;adsid=ChAI8If3hQYQ9YeVx8Gdo69yEkwAUgPS1PnlQyeTLTFvFPKITkoTVxEWeIEwp91ariHA3JrrsjIbpRAs3J260EsRx-j4KdyxPBeA_nLZ3ae6ut7DCCrf25rLxestQ2CY&amp;uach=WyJXaW5kb3dzIiwiMTAuMCIsIng4NiIsIiIsIjkxLjAuNDQ3Mi43NyIsW11d&amp;dt=1623049566426&amp;bpp=2&amp;bdt=1553&amp;idt=2&amp;shv=r20210601&amp;cbv=%2Fr20190131&amp;ptt=9&amp;saldr=aa&amp;abxe=1&amp;cookie=ID%3D04a8e5bc6641345e-2208b71743c90059%3AT%3D1623041435%3ART%3D1623041435%3AS%3DALNI_MaSytZSsLDc0rd2gmtdT5yt-R3x9w&amp;prev_fmts=0x0%2C1140x280%2C374x280%2C374x280%2C777x280%2C777x280%2C1903x880%2C777x280&amp;nras=6&amp;correlator=6544120475099&amp;frm=20&amp;pv=1&amp;ga_vid=2110209687.1623041435&amp;ga_sid=1623049566&amp;ga_hid=351232421&amp;ga_fc=0&amp;u_tz=420&amp;u_his=1&amp;u_java=0&amp;u_h=1080&amp;u_w=1920&amp;u_ah=1040&amp;u_aw=1920&amp;u_cd=24&amp;u_nplug=3&amp;u_nmime=4&amp;adx=362&amp;ady=5294&amp;biw=1903&amp;bih=880&amp;scr_x=0&amp;scr_y=1829&amp;oid=3&amp;psts=AGkb-H8zVMp9chF7FE1X33hsHpWBqvH7N9rMiPIBWZ6k-8QfTKt_tPbIPxTx1sjNr2ehoa3uePLjp5HCLVg%2CAGkb-H-8IH05Efyhc0TxxQyXd751Qou0vWrq0wXeGeU7yS9zy6ZGFnYXXN1ri2aZPRSV6FHOOM2YXK8ARho%2CAGkb-H8_Ybz_2d2SiQ0WCNnpC1HYV14MqtpFNo83WDgdAC0kjA6TCL_VG_9R9XQ412IgK8xI9ox3mFkXNQhZ-w%2CAGkb-H8NDyKbvHVT_6VpgdiyPE42xLGmiN8hL6oaUxnHbX7GndRLE03HwBjGRhZnTJMcJJNbeQ5edElhBJbOqA&amp;pvsid=1228461674193773&amp;pem=841&amp;ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.vn%2F&amp;eae=0&amp;fc=1408&amp;brdim=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1920%2C0%2C1920%2C1040%2C1920%2C880&amp;vis=1&amp;rsz=%7C%7Cs%7C&amp;abl=NS&amp;fu=128&amp;bc=31&amp;ifi=9&amp;uci=a!9&amp;btvi=5&amp;fsb=1&amp;xpc=8FYhwCI4yJ&amp;p=https%3A\/\/vanbanphapluat.co&amp;dtd=60280\" name=\"aswift_8\" width=\"777\" height=\"280\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-google-container-id=\"a!9\" data-google-query-id=\"CNK_j4T7hPECFfGC6QUdrTIP8A\" data-load-complete=\"true\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 5 \u2013 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00f9ng cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00eat\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"63\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"248\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"169\">\n<p align=\"center\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 A v\u1edbi m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"124\">\n<p align=\"center\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 B<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7 ~ 1,1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(20 ~ 17)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,2 ~ 2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(1,6 ~ 10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"63\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1ed1t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"248\">\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image006.gif\" width=\"25\" height=\"47\" \/>\u00a0= 2 ~ 2,5<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u00e1 d\u0103m gran\u00edt ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, s\u1ea1ch, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1t<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1t s\u1ea1ch, \u00edt t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (kh\u00f4ng s\u1eabm h\u01a1n m\u00e0u chu\u1ea9n)<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"124\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"63\">\n<p align=\"center\">Trung b\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"248\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image006.gif\" width=\"25\" height=\"47\" \/>\u00a0= 1,5 ~ 2<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u00e1 d\u0103m s\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a TCVN 1771 : 1987<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1t tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ghi trong b\u1ea3ng 1<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"124\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"63\">\n<p align=\"center\">K\u00e9m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"248\">\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image006.gif\" width=\"25\" height=\"47\" \/>&lt;1,5<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u00e1 s\u1ecfi c\u00f3 1 ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a TCVN 1771 : 1987<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1t tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ghi trong b\u1ea3ng 1<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"124\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b><i>Ghi ch\u00fa :<\/i><\/b><i>\u00a0N\u1ebfu ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (1) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eefa c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhanh, th\u00ec h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 A l\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng 5 nh\u00e2n th\u00eam v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 0,76.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>r<sub>vx\u0110<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>,<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi), g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>e) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, C, kg :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image007.jpg\" width=\"194\" height=\"46\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>\u0110, N, X \u2013 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xi m\u0103ng trong 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, kg.<\/p>\n<p>r<sub>\u0110<\/sub>,\u00a0r<sub>C<\/sub>,\u00a0r<sub>x<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) c\u00e1t v\u00e0 xi m\u0103ng g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Ghi ch\u00fa :<\/i><\/b><i>\u00a0Khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ed3 xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n chia trong b\u1ea3ng th\u00ec ch\u1ecdn K theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn, c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1eabu ki\u1ec3m tra :m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 X t\u00ednh theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 tr\u00ean ; m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image008.gif\" width=\"21\" height=\"41\" \/>\u00a0gi\u1ea3m \u0111i 10<\/i>\u2013 15% v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7\u00a0<i><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image008.gif\" width=\"21\" height=\"41\" \/><\/i>\u00a0t\u0103ng l\u00ean 10 \u2013 15%. Hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng X, \u0110, C t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 theo c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (2), (4),(5).<\/p>\n<p>3.2.2. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p>a) T\u00ednh li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n :<\/p>\n<p>Tu\u1ef3 theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y th\u1ec3 t\u00edch m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n (V<sub>0<\/sub>) theo b\u1ea3ng 7.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 6 \u2013 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 v\u1eefa h\u1ee3p l\u00ed K c\u1ee7a b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch xi m\u0103ng Vn l\u00edt<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\" width=\"506\">\n<p align=\"center\">M\u00f4\u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">2,0<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(12)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(14)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(16)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"74\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(17)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,9<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(19)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"84\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(20)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">220<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">230<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">240<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">250<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">260<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">270<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">280<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">290<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">300<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">310<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">320<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">330<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">340<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">350<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">360<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">380<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,16<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,19<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,21<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,23<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,26<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,28<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,30<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,32<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,33<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,35<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,37<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,38<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,40<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,41<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,42<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,09<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,12<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,14<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,16<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,19<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,21<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,23<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,25<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,26<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,28<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,30<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,31<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,33<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,34<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,35<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,04<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,07<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,09<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,11<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,14<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,16<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,18<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,21<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,23<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,25<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,26<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,28<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,29<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,30<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"69\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,02<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,04<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,06<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,09<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,11<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,13<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,15<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,16<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,18<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,21<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,23<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,24<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,25<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"74\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,01<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,04<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,06<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,08<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,10<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,11<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,13<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,15<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,16<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,18<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,19<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,02<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,04<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,06<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,07<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,09<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,11<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,12<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,14<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,15<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,16<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"84\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,02<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,04<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,06<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,07<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,09<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,10<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,11<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,13<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 7<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"87\">\n<p align=\"center\">K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t li\u1ec7u, mm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean m\u1eabu, cm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" width=\"293\">\n<p align=\"center\">Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n Vo v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 vi\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fac, l\u00edt<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (\u03b1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82\">\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"87\">\n<p align=\"center\">10 ho\u1eb7c 20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">70<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Tr\u00ean 70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"94\">\n<p align=\"center\">10x10x10<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">15x15x15<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">20x20x20<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">30x30x30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82\">\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">12<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">8<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">24<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">50<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">12<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">36<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">75<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">255<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"70\">\n<p align=\"center\">16<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">48<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">100<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">340<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,91<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,00<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,05<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho 1 m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image009.jpg\" width=\"114\" height=\"174\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>X<sub>o<\/sub>, N<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0, \u0110<sub>o<\/sub>, C<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e1 (s\u1ecfi) v\u00e0 c\u00e1t c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n kg.<\/p>\n<p>X, N, \u0110, C \u2013 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e1 (s\u1ecfi) v\u00e0 c\u00e1t c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh theo c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (2),(4), (5) v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng 4.<\/p>\n<p>V<sub>0<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n (b\u1ea3ng 7).<\/p>\n<p>b) \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed9n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n X<sub>o<\/sub>, N<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0, \u0110<sub>o<\/sub>, C<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Tr\u1ed9n xong, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t (hay \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng) c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng kh\u00f4 qu\u00e1 th\u00ec cho th\u00eam 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10% xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image008.gif\" width=\"21\" height=\"41\" \/>). N\u1ebfu nh\u00e3o qu\u00e1 th\u00ec t\u0103ng th\u00eam 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10% c\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 (gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image010.gif\" width=\"47\" height=\"41\" \/>) l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Ghi l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t xong, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng mV theo TCVN 3108 : 1979, l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ba li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>c) \u0110\u00fac m\u1eabu ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 :<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh mhb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fac m\u1eabu ngay v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ecdn theo b\u1ea3ng 7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7m m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea7m rung hay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n s\u1ebd thi c\u00f4ng. M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea7m xong \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 m\u00e1t gi\u1eef \u1ea9m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 24 gi\u1edd m\u1edbi th\u00e1o khu\u00f4n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef ti\u1ebfp \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 27 + 1 2<sup>o<\/sup>C v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 90% cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i \u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u00e1c th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng xi m\u0103ng ninh k\u1ebft ch\u1eadm th\u00ec sau \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 40 gi\u1edd m\u1edbi th\u00e1o khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i 28 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u00ea t\u00f4ng : c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean m\u1eabu b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (10) :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image011.jpg\" width=\"493\" height=\"40\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>P \u2013 L\u1ef1c n\u00e9n ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u1eabu daN (KG) ;<\/p>\n<p>F \u2013 Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u00e9p c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean m\u1eabu cm<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0;<\/p>\n<p>\u03b1 \u2013 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng 7.<\/p>\n<p>C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng l\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u00ean m\u1eabu trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image013.gif\" width=\"49\" height=\"45\" \/>, n\u1ebfu hai gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7ch qu\u00e1 15% so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t trong hai gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00f3i tr\u00ean l\u1ec7ch qu\u00e1 15% so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 hai gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00fac m\u1eabu v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 sau khi \u00e9p m\u1eabu ch\u1ecdn ra m\u1ed9t trong ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu n\u00e9n R<sub>2<\/sub>8 cao h\u01a1n m\u00e1c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15% l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho th\u00eam khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p>d) \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng. Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p>+ T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u00edch th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n, V<sub>m<\/sub>, l\u00edt :<\/p>\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"59\" height=\"31\">\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div>\n<p><i>V<\/i><i>m<\/i><i>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><i>m<\/i><i>hb<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image014.jpg\" width=\"398\" height=\"41\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>\u2211M \u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (X<sub>o<\/sub>, N<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0, \u0110<sub>o<\/sub>, C<sub>o<\/sub>) cho v\u00e0o m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho th\u00eam khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t, kg ;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image015.gif\" width=\"28\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng (TCVN 3108 : 1979) kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>+ Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd cho \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image016.jpg\" width=\"396\" height=\"186\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>X<sub>1<\/sub>, N<sub>1<\/sub>\u00a0, \u0110<sub>1<\/sub>, C<sub>1<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) c\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, kg ;<\/p>\n<p>X<sub>o<\/sub>, N<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0, \u0110<sub>o<\/sub>, C<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (6) \u2013 (9) k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho th\u00eam, kg ;<\/p>\n<p>V<sub>m<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (11).<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn xem \u1edf m\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c 3.<\/p>\n<p>3.3. Thi c\u00f4ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn :<\/p>\n<p>3.3.1. T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>Khi c\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng (t\u00ednh cho 1m3) t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (16) \u2013 (19).<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">X<sub>ht<\/sub>\u00a0= X<sub>1<\/sub>, kg\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (16)<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">N<sub>ht<\/sub>\u00a0= N<sub>1<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 (C<sub>1<\/sub>W<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0+ \u0110<sub>1<\/sub>W<sub>\u0110<\/sub>), 1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (17)<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110<sub>ht<\/sub>\u00a0= \u0110<sub>1<\/sub>\u00a0(1 + W<sub>\u0110<\/sub>), kg\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (18)<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">C<sub>ht<\/sub>\u00a0= C<sub>1<\/sub>\u00a0(1 + W<sub>e<\/sub>), kg\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (19)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>X<sub>ht<\/sub>, N<sub>ht\u00a0<\/sub>, \u0110<sub>ht<\/sub>, C<sub>ht<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) v\u00e0 c\u00e1t cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kg ;<\/p>\n<p>X<sub>1<\/sub>, N<sub>1<\/sub>\u00a0, \u0110<sub>1<\/sub>, C<sub>1<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (12) \u2013 (15)<\/p>\n<p>W<sub>\u0110<\/sub>, W<sub>e<\/sub>\u00a0&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) v\u00e0 c\u00e1t t\u00ednh theo ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>3.3.2. C\u00e2n, \u0111ong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho b\u00ea t\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Xi m\u0103ng \u2013 theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) \u2013 theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd khi \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t \u1ea9m theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ; c\u00e1t \u1ea9m (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 5 \u20137%) c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p gi\u1ea3m \u0111i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u00ea t\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t \u1ea9m t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00e1t \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ee7 cho 1m3 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image017.jpg\" width=\"386\" height=\"41\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image018.gif\" width=\"24\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u2013 Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00e1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m Wc\u1ea7n t\u00ednh, m .<\/p>\n<p>C<sub>ht<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (19), kg.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image019.gif\" width=\"28\" height=\"25\" \/>\u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m w, kg\/cm<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m W<sub>\u0110<\/sub>\u00a0v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image019.gif\" width=\"28\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m (s\u1ecfi) c\u1ea7n cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image020.jpg\" width=\"96\" height=\"40\" \/>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (21)<\/p>\n<p>3.3.3. Tr\u1ed9n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng :<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t d\u01b0\u1edbi 2cm n\u00ean tr\u1ed9n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c, tr\u00ean 2 cm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n<p>Khi tr\u1ed9n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y, sao cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ed9n m\u00e1y h\u1ee3p l\u00ed l\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng 8.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 8 \u2013 Th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ed9n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y (gi\u00e2y)<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">Dung t\u00edch m\u00e1y tr\u1ed9n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" width=\"390\">\n<p align=\"center\">B\u00ea t\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1t c\u00f3 m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7 \u2013 1,2 (20 \u2013 16)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"205\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,2 \u2013 2 (16 \u2013 10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" width=\"390\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t, cm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">2 \u2013 6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">6 \u2013 10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">2 \u2013 6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"113\">\n<p align=\"center\">6 \u2013 10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">250<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">500<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">150<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">120<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">150<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">120<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">150<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"113\">\n<p align=\"center\">90<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">120<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">150<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ed9n m\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 4 \u2013 5cm tr\u1edf l\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n tay. Khi \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed9n th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng m\u1ebb nh\u1ecf dung t\u00edch 100 \u2013 150 l. Tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1t v\u00e0 xi m\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed9n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p xi m\u0103ng c\u00e1t v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 (s\u1ecfi) \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1c \u1edf gi\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u cho t\u1edbi khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n<p>3.3.4. \u0110\u1ea7m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n rung, m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea7m d\u00f9i, \u0111\u1ea7m b\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng tay tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n rung th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian rung h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng hai l\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. Khi \u0111\u1ea7m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7m b\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7m d\u00f9i, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7m, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7m tay khi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t 4-5cm tr\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>3.3.5. B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn, sau khi \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng xong 2 -3 gi\u1edd, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1ea9m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee7 bao t\u1ea3i \u1ea9m, c\u00e1t \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v.v\u2026theo \u0111\u00fang quy ph\u1ea1m hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u00ea t\u00f4ng n\u1eb7ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y theo quy ph\u1ea1m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ea t\u00f4ng n\u1eb7ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<p><b>4 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn l\u00e0m v\u1eefa x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p>4.1. C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho v\u1eefa m\u00e1c t\u1edbi 75.<\/p>\n<p>4.2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c v\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p>a) N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng \u2013 c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00e1t (Q<sub>xm<\/sub>) theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (22).<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image021.jpg\" width=\"392\" height=\"42\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>R<sub>V<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 m\u00e1c v\u1eefa c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image013.gif\" width=\"49\" height=\"45\" \/>,<\/p>\n<p>R \u2013 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng,\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image013.gif\" width=\"49\" height=\"45\" \/>,<\/p>\n<p>x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eeda d\u1ebbo<\/p>\n<p>K \u2013 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng 9 :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 9 \u2013 H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u K<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"420\">\n<p align=\"center\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">Xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c l\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\">\n<p align=\"center\">Xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c l\u0103ng puz\u01a1lan<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7 ~ 1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(20 ~ 18)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,71<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,1 ~ 1,3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(17 ~ 16)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,73<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,82<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,31 ~ 1,5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(16 ~ 14)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,89<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,51 ~ 2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">(14 ~ 10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"185\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b><i>Ghi ch\u00fa :<\/i><\/b><i>\u00a0Khi R<sub>X<\/sub>\u00a0(c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 22) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eefa c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7cph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhanh h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K l\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng 9 r\u1ed3i nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 0,76.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>b) N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa tam h\u1ee3p xi m\u0103ng \u2013 v\u00f4i \u2013 c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00e1t : c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (22)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00f4i h\u1ed3 cho 1m<sup>3\u00a0<\/sup>c\u00e1t :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">V<sub>v<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,17 (1 \u2013 0,002Q<sub>xm<\/sub>) (23)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 : Q<sub>xm<\/sub>\u00a0&#8211; C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (22) ;<\/p>\n<p>V<sub>V<\/sub>\u00a0&#8211; th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00f4i h\u1ed3, m<sup>3<\/sup>, c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch 1400kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>c) L\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n th\u00ednh th\u00eam 2 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch 15%. D\u00f9ng 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng trong m\u00f4i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00ednh cho 5 l\u00edt c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>d) Tr\u1ed9n v\u1eefa th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed5 5 l\u00edt c\u00e1t v\u00e0o ch\u1ea3o tr\u1ed9n. \u0110\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfp xi m\u0103ng r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng bay tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u xi m\u0103ng + c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 trong 5 ph\u00fat. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng c\u00e1t) ho\u1eb7c cho n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o v\u00f4i h\u1ed3 ho\u00e0 th\u00e0nh s\u1eefa v\u00f4i r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa tam h\u1ee3p). Tr\u1ed9n th\u00eam 3-5 ph\u00fat cho t\u1edbi khi th\u1ea5y h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec dem th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Khi th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn qu\u00e1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (b\u1ea3ng 10 v\u00e0 11) th\u00ec cho th\u00eam 5-10% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh, tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00eam 3-5 ph\u00fat n\u1eefa r\u1ed3i th\u1eed l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf th\u00ec cho th\u00eam 5-10% n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o. C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho t\u1edbi khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fac m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 10 &#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa x\u00e2y<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52\">\n<p align=\"center\">S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"316\">T\u00ean c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng v\u1eefa<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"237\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u00fan c\u00f4n, cm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"108\">\n<p align=\"center\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y kh\u00f4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"129\">\n<p align=\"center\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y \u1ea9m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"52\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"316\">X\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c (g\u1ea1ch s\u00e9t nung ho\u1eb7c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng)<\/p>\n<p>X\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng<\/p>\n<p>X\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ed9c, \u0111\u00e1 ong<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00e9t c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i l\u1ed3i (ngang ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng) khi l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"108\">\n<p align=\"center\">9<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">8<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"129\">\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 11 &#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa tr\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"52\">\n<p align=\"center\">S\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"316\">\n<p align=\"center\">Lo\u1ea1i v\u1eefa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"237\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u00fan c\u00f4n, cm khi tr\u00e1t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"108\">\n<p align=\"center\">B\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"129\">\n<p align=\"center\">B\u1eb1ng tay<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"52\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"316\">Phun<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00e1t l\u00f3t<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00e1t m\u1eb7t<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"108\">\n<p align=\"center\">9 \u2013 14<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7 \u2013 8<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7 \u2013 8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"129\">\n<p align=\"center\">8 \u2013 12<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7 \u2013 8<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">7 \u2013 8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>e) \u0110\u00fac m\u1eabu x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 :<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i m\u1ebb tr\u1ed9n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u00edt h\u01a1n 3 vi\u00ean m\u1eabu k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 7,07 3 7,07 3 7,07 cm ho\u1eb7c 43 4 3 4 316cm.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fac trong khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1y l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc (V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng g\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y tr\u1ea3i b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e1y khu\u00f4n). Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 4 cm m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac m\u1eabu trong khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc (\u0111\u00e1y l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p hay g\u1ed7). Khi c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1c v\u1eefa c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 4 cm b\u1eb1ng khu\u00f4n th\u00e9p hay khu\u00f4n g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec sau khi th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng, ghi l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 cho v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ebb v\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i tr\u1ed9n m\u1ebb kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng, c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c xi m\u0103ng v\u00f4i, c\u00e1t nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u0111i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng 4 cm m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fac m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi \u0111\u00fac m\u1eabu, khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng 27 6 2<sup>o<\/sup>C, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 90% trong 24 gi\u1edd, n\u1ebfu m\u00e1c v\u1eefa tr\u00ean 25, v\u00e0 48 \u2013 72 gi\u1edd, n\u1ebfu m\u00e1c v\u1eefa t\u1eeb 25 tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng. Sau th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c vi\u00ean m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa tam h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c vi\u00ean m\u1eabu v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean cho t\u1edbi khi \u00e9p. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng, c\u00e1t, c\u00e1c vi\u00ean m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u00eam 3 ng\u00e0y n\u1eefa r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc cho t\u1edbi khi \u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Ghi ch\u00fa :<\/i><\/b><i>\u00a0khi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eefa t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eabu th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng v\u1eefa.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c vi\u00ean m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p sau khi \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i 28 ng\u00e0y \u0111em (c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u xem \u1edf ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn, m\u1ee5c 3.2.2 ).<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t m\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>f) Vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch gi\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1t (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng c\u00e1t) ho\u1eb7c xi m\u0103ng, v\u00f4i h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1t (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa tam h\u1ee3p) trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y 1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1ec3 t\u00edch xi m\u0103ng l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng c\u00e1t vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image022.jpg\" width=\"388\" height=\"44\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng v\u00f4i c\u00e1t vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image023.jpg\" width=\"381\" height=\"43\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>V<sub>v<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (23), m<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>V<sub>c<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 1m3 c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>V<sub>xm\u00a0<\/sub>\u2013 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch xi m\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00e1t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (26):<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image024.jpg\" width=\"387\" height=\"39\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>Q<sub>xm<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00e1t, kg.<\/p>\n<p>r<sub>xm<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0: th\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c v\u1eefa c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn xem \u1edf ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 4.<\/p>\n<p>4.3. Thi c\u00f4ng v\u1eefa c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eefa cho \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng , khi c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, c\u1ea7n \u0111ong c\u00e1t theo li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image025.jpg\" width=\"392\" height=\"44\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p><i>V<sub>xm<\/sub><\/i>\u00a0:\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image018.gif\" width=\"24\" height=\"25\" \/>&#8211; t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch gi\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1t \u1ea9m,<\/p>\n<p>r<sub>vxc<\/sub>\u00a0,\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image019.gif\" width=\"28\" height=\"25\" \/>\u00a0\u2013 Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1t \u1ea9m, kg\/m .<\/p>\n<p>W<sub>c<\/sub>\u00a0&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>+ V\u1eefa c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng tay ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ed9n tay c\u1ea7n tr\u1ed9n xi m\u0103ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1t cho t\u1edbi khi th\u1ea5y h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi cho v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng c\u00e1t) ho\u1eb7c s\u1eefa v\u00f4i (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1eefa tam h\u1ee3p) v\u00e0o .Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n k\u0129 cho t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u m\u1edbi \u0111em s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu tr\u1ed9n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y th\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed9n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y sao cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>+ Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eefa t\u1edbi n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n tay l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>+ V\u1eefa tam h\u1ee3p c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn x\u00e2y, tr\u00e1t xong kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. V\u1eefa xi m\u0103ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn l\u00e1ng n\u1ec1n, tr\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u00e9t m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1ea9m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ea t\u00f4ng (m\u1ee5c 3.3.5).<\/p>\n<p>+ Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 1<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>P.1.1. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ed9 s\u00e0ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft s\u00e0ng 5 ; 2,5 ; 1,2 ; 0,6 ; 0,3 v\u00e0 0,15mm.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1edbi 0,5g<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ee7 s\u1ea5y 200<sup>o<\/sup>C<\/p>\n<p><b>P.1.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu th\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>L\u1ea5y kho\u1ea3ng 2kg c\u00e1t \u1ea9m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111em s\u1ea5y trong t\u1ee7 s\u1ea5y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 105 \u2013 110<sup>o<\/sup>C \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p><b>P.1.3. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0110em m\u1eabu c\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 s\u00e0ng qua s\u00e0ng 5mm, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng. T\u1eeb s\u1ed1 c\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0ng l\u1ea5y 1000g \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00e0ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed qua b\u1ed9 s\u00e0ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng tay ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y. Khi s\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng tay th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u00e0ng t\u1edbi khi n\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ea5y s\u00e0ng trong 1 ph\u00fat m\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t l\u1ecdt qua m\u1ed7i s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0,1% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3. Khi s\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>P.1.4. T\u00ednh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/b><\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u00ednh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y :<\/p>\n<p>a) Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i s\u00e0ng (a<sub>i<\/sub>) theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (28)<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image026.jpg\" width=\"387\" height=\"40\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p>m<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc i.<\/p>\n<p>m \u2013 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1eabu c\u00e1t \u0111em s\u00e0ng (1000g).<\/p>\n<p>b) Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1t t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng (A<sub>i<\/sub>) theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (29).<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">A<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0= a<sub>2,5\u00a0<\/sub>+ \u2026 + a<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (29)<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1t t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u00e0ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>c) M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t (Mn) t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1edbi 0,01% theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (30).<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image027.jpg\" width=\"382\" height=\"37\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 : A<sub>2,5\u00a0<\/sub>; A<sub>1,2<\/sub>\u00a0\u2026 ; A<sub>0,15<\/sub>\u00a0: Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1t t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u00e0ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng 2,5 ; 1,2 ; \u2026 0,15 (t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 29).<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 2<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>P.2.1. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn 0,5g.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4n kim lo\u1ea1i (l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng r\u1ec9)<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0n d\u1eb1n (h\u00ecnh 1)<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea7m v\u1eefa (h\u00ecnh 2)<\/p>\n<p>\u1ed1ng \u0111ong thu\u1ef7 tinh<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ee7 s\u1ea5y 200<sup>o<\/sup>C<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ea3o v\u00e0 bay tr\u1ed9n v\u1eefa<\/p>\n<p><b>P.2.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu th\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>L\u1ea5y kho\u1ea3ng 3kg c\u00e1t \u1ea9m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean s\u1ea5y trong t\u1ee7 s\u1ea5y \u1edf 105 \u2013 110<sup>o<\/sup>C \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Xi m\u0103ng s\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00f3n c\u1ee5c tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng 0,9 3 0,9mm.<\/p>\n<p><b>P.2.3. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>L\u1ea5y 300g xi m\u0103ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0ng 0,9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3 0,9mm v\u00e0 600g c\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u chung trong ch\u1ea3o tr\u1ed9n b\u1eb1ng bay s\u1eaft. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ong l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 theo b\u1ea3ng 12 r\u1ed3i m\u1ed7i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p xi m\u0103ng c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 trong ch\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ee3i cho n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m h\u1ebft th\u00ec tr\u1ed9n ti\u1ebfp trong 5 ph\u00fat cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. Tr\u1ed9n xong \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1eefa v\u00e0o c\u00f4n kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 lau \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n d\u1eb1n. V\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o c\u00f4n kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh 2 l\u1edbp. D\u00f9ng ch\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7m v\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7m v\u1eefa trong c\u00f4n. L\u1edbp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7m 15 c\u00e1i, l\u1edbp th\u1ee9 2 \u0111\u1ea7m 10 c\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u1ea7m c\u1ea7n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t c\u00f4n kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a b\u00e0n d\u1eb1n. \u0110\u1ea7m xong, d\u00f9ng dao con \u0111\u00e3 lau \u1ea9m x\u00e9n b\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7t c\u00f4n r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb t\u1eeb nh\u1eafc c\u00e2n ra theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 quay ban d\u1eb1n 30 c\u00e1i trong v\u00f2ng 30 gi\u00e2y. Quay xong d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh m\u1eabu v\u1eefa tr\u00ean b\u00e0n d\u1eb1n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1t 170 6 5mm th\u00ec ghi l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh m\u1eabu v\u1eefa nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 th\u00ec cho th\u00eam 5 ~ 10% n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n l\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u00ec b\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i. Tr\u1ed9n xong th\u1eed l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u00e0n d\u1eb1n. C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh m\u1eabu v\u1eefa tr\u00ean b\u00e0n d\u1eb1n 170 6 5mm.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image028.jpg\" width=\"546\" height=\"271\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 12 \u2013 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>(D\u00f9ng cho m\u1eabu v\u1eefa g\u1ed3m 300g xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 600g c\u00e1t)<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">Modun \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t Mn<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" width=\"512\">\n<p align=\"center\">L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ml, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">0,7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">0,9<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,1<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,3<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,5<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,7<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">1,9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">195<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">185<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">175<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">165<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">155<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">145<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">135<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">198<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">188<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">178<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">168<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">158<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">148<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">138<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">201<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">191<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">181<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">171<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">161<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">151<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">141<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"93\">\n<p align=\"center\">204<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">194<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">184<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">174<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">164<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">154<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">144<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"142\">\n<p align=\"center\">207<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">197<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">187<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">177<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">167<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">157<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">147<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Khi ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c b\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tr\u00ean b\u00e0n d\u1eb1n xong th\u00ec b\u1ecf m\u1eabu v\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu m\u1edbi v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i. Khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi ghi l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng t\u00ednh ra t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image029.jpg\" width=\"88\" height=\"41\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>P.2.4. T\u00ednh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t (N<sub>n<\/sub>) t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (31) ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi 0,1%.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image030.jpg\" width=\"383\" height=\"55\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image008.gif\" width=\"21\" height=\"41\" \/>\u2013 T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean xi m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh m\u1eabu v\u1eefa tr\u00ean b\u00e0n d\u1eb1n 170 \u00b1 5mm t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>D \u2013 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a xi m\u0103ng, t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 3<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u : Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u00e1c 200, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t 3 \u2013 4 cm. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c \u2013 l\u0103ng P400 ; ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eefa d\u1ebbo : 380 KG\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang 3,1 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u00e1 d\u0103m c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Dmax = 40mm ; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang 2,7g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p 1500 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed5ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t 45% ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 m\u00f4 \u0111ung \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf 1,0 ; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang 2.63 g\/cm3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>A. T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p>a) T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng :<\/p>\n<p>Theo b\u1ea3ng 4 v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m D<sub>max<\/sub>\u00a0= 40mm, c\u00e1t c\u00f3 M<sub>n<\/sub>\u00a0= 1,0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t b\u00ea t\u00f4ng 3 \u2013 4 cm ta c\u00f3 :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">N = 1901<\/p>\n<p>b) T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (1)<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image031.jpg\" width=\"231\" height=\"42\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 A = 0,53, B = 0,5 l\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng 5.<\/p>\n<p>Theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (2) :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image032.jpg\" width=\"185\" height=\"36\" \/><\/p>\n<p>c) T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m cho 1m3 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (3) :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image033.jpg\" width=\"210\" height=\"38\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Tra b\u1ea3ng 6 v\u1edbi V<sub>H<\/sub>\u00a0= 282 v\u00e0 M<sub>n<\/sub>\u00a0= 1,0 ta c\u00f3 k = 1,06<\/p>\n<p>L\u1eafp v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (4).<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image034.jpg\" width=\"275\" height=\"59\" \/><\/p>\n<p>d) T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn cho 1m3 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. Theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (5) :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image035.jpg\" width=\"196\" height=\"47\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image036.jpg\" width=\"289\" height=\"46\" \/><\/p>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u00ednh th\u00eam 2 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image008.gif\" width=\"21\" height=\"41\" \/>\u00a0l\u1ec7ch \u00b1 10% so<\/p>\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"19\" height=\"21\">\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><s>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/s><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>v\u1edbi\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image008.gif\" width=\"21\" height=\"41\" \/>\u00a0= 1,5 ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p>1. N = 190 ; X = 285 ; \u0110 = 1450 ; C = 475<\/p>\n<p>2. N = 190 ; X = 315 ; \u0110 = 1440 ; C = 460<\/p>\n<p>3. N = 190 ; X = 255 ; \u0110 = 1460 ; C = 490<\/p>\n<p><b>B. \u0110\u00fac m\u1eabu ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Theo b\u1ea3ng 7 tr\u1ed9n 3 m\u1ebb V<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0= 121 v\u1edbi 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t cho th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi N = 1901 c\u1ea3 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t 3 \u2013 4cm. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 1 : mv = 2360 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0; th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 2 : mv = 2340 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n : m<sub>v<\/sub>\u00a0= 2340 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fac 3 vi\u00ean m\u1eabu 15 15 15cm. Sau 28 ng\u00e0y ta c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng :<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 1 : R28 = 220<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/>;<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 2 : R28 = 200<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 3 : R28 = 246<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean ch\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 1 c\u00f3<\/p>\n<p>R28 = 220<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ee9c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf 10% \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 1 : t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n X<sub>o<\/sub>, N<sub>o<\/sub>, \u0110<sub>o<\/sub>, C<sub>o<\/sub>\u00a0th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em tr\u1ed9n m\u1ebb 1 v\u00e0 theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (11).<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image037.jpg\" width=\"382\" height=\"40\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (12) \u2013 (15) th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0b\u00ea t\u00f4ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image038.jpg\" width=\"261\" height=\"194\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 4<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1c v\u1eefa c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa tam h\u1ee3p c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn m\u00e1c 50 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u00e2y :<\/p>\n<p>Xi m\u0103ng po\u00f3c l\u0103ng P300, ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh 300<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/>(ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eefa d\u1ebbo) kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u1ed1p\u00a0rV<sub>x<\/sub>= 1100 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0v\u00f4i h\u1ed3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch 1400 kg\/cm , c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 m\u00f4\u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng 1,2.<\/p>\n<p>1. T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng cho 1m3 c\u00e1t theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (22) :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image039.jpg\" width=\"269\" height=\"44\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 : K = 0,73 l\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng 9.<\/p>\n<p>2. T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4i h\u1ed3 cho 1m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00e1t<\/p>\n<p>V<sub>v<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,17 (1 \u2013 0,002 Q<sub>xm<\/sub>)<\/p>\n<p>= 0,17 (1 \u2013 0,002.230) = 0,092 m<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>3. T\u00ednh th\u00eam hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng l\u1ec7ch v\u1edbi Q<sub>x<\/sub>m = 230kg l\u00e0 15% ta c\u00f3 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m :<\/p>\n<p>1. Q<sub>xm<\/sub>\u00a0= 230kg ; V<sub>v<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,092m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0; V<sub>c<\/sub>\u00a0= 1m<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>2. Q<sub>xm<\/sub>\u00a0= 265kg ; V<sub>v<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,08m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0; V<sub>c<\/sub>\u00a0= 1m<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>3. Q<sub>xm<\/sub>\u00a0= 195kg ; V<sub>v<\/sub>\u00a0= 0,104m<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0; V<sub>c<\/sub>\u00a0= 1m<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>4. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4i h\u1ed3 t\u00ednh cho 5 l\u00edt c\u00e1t. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho v\u00e0o t\u1eeb t\u1eeb t\u1edbi khi th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t 9cm (theo b\u1ea3ng 10).<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fac 3 vi\u00ean m\u1eabu cho m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n g\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u1eabu \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 28 ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 1 : R28 = 220<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/>;<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 2 : R28 = 200<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/>;<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 3 : R28 = 246<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image012.gif\" width=\"36\" height=\"41\" \/>;<\/p>\n<p>5. Ch\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 1 \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image040.jpg\" width=\"356\" height=\"41\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3 V<sub>xm<\/sub>\u00a0x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c (26)<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image041.jpg\" width=\"179\" height=\"47\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TI\u00caU CHU\u1ea8N X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG TCXD 127 : 1985 C\u00c1T M\u1ecaN \u0110\u1ec2 L\u00c0M B\u00ca T\u00d4NG V\u00c0 V\u1eeeA X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG \u2013 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN S\u1eec D\u1ee4NG Fine sand for concrete and mortar in construction \u2013 Manual instructions 1 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung 1.1. C\u00e1t m\u1ecbn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1t c\u00f3 m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi hai ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7906,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tieu-chuan-xay-dung"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7861"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7907,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861\/revisions\/7907"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7906"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}