{"id":3711,"date":"2020-04-14T01:23:52","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T01:23:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/?p=3711"},"modified":"2020-04-14T01:25:14","modified_gmt":"2020-04-14T01:25:14","slug":"quy-chuan-ky-thuat-quoc-gia-qcvn-182014-bxd-ve-an-toan-trong-xay-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/?p=3711","title":{"rendered":"Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia QCVN 18:2014\/BXD v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"push-10 h5\">N\u1ed9i dung to\u00e0n v\u0103n Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia QCVN 18:2014\/BXD v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>QCVN 18: 2014\/BXD<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>QUY CHU\u1ea8N K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT QU\u1ed0C GIA<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">AN TO\u00c0N TRONG X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><i>National technical regulation on Safety in Construction<\/i><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>M\u1ee4C L\u1ee4C<\/b><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<p>L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/p>\n<p>1 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung<\/p>\n<p>1.1 Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/p>\n<p>1.2 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<p>1.3 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn<\/p>\n<p>1.4 Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb ng\u1eef<\/p>\n<p>2 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n<p>2.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/p>\n<p>2.2 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<p>2.3 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong thi c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<p>2.4 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/p>\n<p>2.5 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay<\/p>\n<p>2.6 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe m\u00e1y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/p>\n<p>2.7 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c khoan<\/p>\n<p>2.8 Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 thang<\/p>\n<p>2.9 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c h\u00e0n<\/p>\n<p>2.10 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u1edf c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5<\/p>\n<p>2.11 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi tum, ma t\u00edt v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly<\/p>\n<p>2.12 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t<\/p>\n<p>2.13 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u00f3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 gi\u1ebfng ch\u00ecm<\/p>\n<p>2.14 Thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m<\/p>\n<p>2.15 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<p>2.16 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y<\/p>\n<p>2.17 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ed1p pha, c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<p>2.18 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p<\/p>\n<p>2.19 L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao v\u00e0 m\u00e1i<\/p>\n<p>2.20 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<p>2.21 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn<\/p>\n<p>2.22 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-overlap-observer-io=\"false\"><ins id=\"aswift_5_expand\"><ins id=\"aswift_5_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_5\" name=\"aswift_5\" width=\"776\" height=\"194\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p>2.23 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<p>2.24 Thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<p>3. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/b><\/p>\n<p>QCVN 18: 2014\/BXD do Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n, V\u1ee5 Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, B\u1ed9 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1:\u00a0<a class=\"ref\" title=\"Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 14\/2014\/TT-BXD Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia An to\u00e0n trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\" href=\"https:\/\/vanbanphapluat.co\/thong-tu-14-2014-tt-bxd-quy-chuan-ky-thuat-quoc-gia-an-toan-trong-xay-dung\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14\/2014\/TT-BXD<\/a>\u00a0ng\u00e0y 05 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2014 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>QUY CHU\u1ea8N K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT QU\u1ed0C GIA<\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">V\u1ec0 AN TO\u00c0N TRONG X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b><i>National technical regulation on Safety in Constructions<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>1 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>1.1 Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb (sau \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng).<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 trang b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh v\u00e0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<p><b>1.2 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>1.3 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn<\/b><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn sau l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn ghi n\u0103m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ec \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ghi n\u0103m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ec \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3).<\/p>\n<p>QCVN 01: 2008\/BCT,\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-overlap-observer-io=\"false\"><ins id=\"aswift_6_expand\"><ins id=\"aswift_6_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_6\" name=\"aswift_6\" width=\"776\" height=\"194\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p>QCVN 02: 2008\/BCT,\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n trong b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>QCVN QT\u0110-5: 2009\/BCT,\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n, T\u1eadp 5 &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>QCVN QT\u0110-06: 2009\/BCT,\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n, T\u1eadp 6 &#8211; V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>QCVN QT\u0110-07: 2009\/BCT,\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n, T\u1eadp 7 &#8211; Thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>QCVN 02: 2011\/BL\u0110TBXH,\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thang m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>QCVN 03: 2011\/BL\u0110TBXH\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/i><\/p>\n<p>QCVN 07: 2012\/BL\u0110TBXH\u00a0<i>Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>1.4 Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb ng\u1eef<\/b><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef trong Quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><b>1.4.1<\/b><i>C\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n<\/i>: l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng; thanh tra, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p><b>1.4.2<\/b><i>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>1.4.3<\/b><i>Xe m\u00e1y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y l\u1eafp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.1<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p thi c\u00f4ng khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 (t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u) thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi c\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.2<\/b>\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ea7m s\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00fai \u0111\u1ef1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 ngh\u1ec1. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3, n\u00e9m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3 ngh\u1ec1 tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-overlap-observer-io=\"false\"><ins id=\"aswift_7_expand\"><ins id=\"aswift_7_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_7\" name=\"aswift_7\" width=\"776\" height=\"194\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p><b>2.1.3<\/b>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc; ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thuy\u1ec1n, phao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c theo \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thuy\u1ec1n, phao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.4<\/b>\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>GHI CH\u00da: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: V\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n, theo 3.4.2 c\u1ee7a QCVN 3: 2011\/BL\u0110TBXH; V\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng an to\u00e0n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng, theo 3.6 c\u1ee7a QCVN 7: 2012\/BL\u0110TBXH&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.5<\/b>\u00a0Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao (t\u1eeb 2 m tr\u1edf l\u00ean) ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i nguy hi\u1ec3m, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c c\u00f3 lan can an to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c khi ch\u01b0a \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.6<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi c\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u1edf hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.7<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, \u0111\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n, tr\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u, m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 hai t\u1ea7ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean khi m\u01b0a to, gi\u00f4ng, b\u00e3o ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.8<\/b>\u00a0Sau m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t m\u01b0a b\u00e3o, c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c sau khi ng\u1eebng thi c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.9<\/b>\u00a0Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c s\u1eadp l\u1edf khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ebfng s\u00e2u, h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng k\u00edn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u1eefa b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4318815816536903\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\" data-overlap-observer-io=\"false\"><ins id=\"aswift_8_expand\"><ins id=\"aswift_8_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_8\" name=\"aswift_8\" width=\"776\" height=\"194\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/ins><\/ins><\/ins><\/div>\n<p><b>2.1.10<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang thi c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 ban \u0111\u00eam. Kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. Chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb 100 \u0111\u1ebfn 300 lux, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng chung t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 80 lux.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.11<\/b>\u00a0Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.12<\/b>\u00a0Khi tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.13<\/b>\u00a0C\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ed5 nh\u1eadt k\u00fd an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ghi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, tai n\u1ea1n, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.1.14<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, m\u1ecdi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, ng\u0103n n\u1eafp. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang n\u01a1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu d\u1ecdn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.1.1<\/b>\u00a0Xung quanh khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed tr\u1ea1m g\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ra v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.1.2<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng thi c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n, s\u00f4ng, su\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, s\u1ea1t l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.1.3<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t sinh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u1edf cu\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.1.4<\/b>\u00a0Gi\u1ebfng, h\u1ea7m, h\u1ed1 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c r\u00e0o ng\u0103n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn xung quanh v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 1 m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o, h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn cao tr\u00ean 1 m, ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.1.5<\/b>\u00a0Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1eeba, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao (tr\u00ean 3 m) xu\u1ed1ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1eeba, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng khi khu b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u01b0a r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.1.6<\/b>\u00a0Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1eadt (nh\u01b0 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn, \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1i che, \u2026) \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m do v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo B\u1ea3ng 1.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 1 &#8211; Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"139\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt<br \/>\n<\/b>m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"549\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m<br \/>\n<\/b>m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"222\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (t\u00ednh t\u1eeb chu vi ngo\u00e0i)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"327\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i (t\u00ednh t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n khi r\u01a1i)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\u0110\u1ebfn 20<\/td>\n<td width=\"222\">\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"327\">\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">T\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 70<\/td>\n<td width=\"222\">\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"327\">\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">T\u1eeb 70 \u0111\u1ebfn 120<\/td>\n<td width=\"222\">\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"327\">\n<p align=\"center\">15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">T\u1eeb 120 \u0111\u1ebfn 200<\/td>\n<td width=\"222\">\n<p align=\"center\">15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"327\">\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">T\u1eeb 200 \u0111\u1ebfn 300<\/td>\n<td width=\"222\">\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"327\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">T\u1eeb 300 \u0111\u1ebfn 450<\/td>\n<td width=\"222\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"327\">\n<p align=\"center\">30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>2.2.1.7<\/b>\u00a0Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00e1n khu\u00f4n, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u0169; n\u01a1i l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, n\u01a1i l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1edbn; khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c; ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng c\u1eaft nhau ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o, ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.1<\/b>\u00a0T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i giao th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eebng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n giao th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.2<\/b>\u00a0Khi d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 r\u00e3nh, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u00e1n, c\u1ea7u, c\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e1n, c\u1ea7u, c\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.3<\/b>\u00a0Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 3,5 m khi ch\u1ea1y 1 chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng 6 m khi ch\u1ea1y 2 chi\u1ec1u. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 10 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.4<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng cho xe c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m giao c\u1eaft v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ea1m g\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.5<\/b>\u00a0Khi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n qua d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thi c\u00f4ng b\u00ean tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u00e0n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.6<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean cao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 300 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc. T\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.7<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang thi c\u00f4ng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh lang k\u00edn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thi c\u00f4ng khi di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u00e0nh lang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.2.8<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecdc cao su \u0111i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i m\u1eafc l\u00ean cao ho\u1eb7c lu\u1ed3n v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 40 cm. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i ch\u00f4n s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 30 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3 X\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Kho b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho thi c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Trong c\u00e1c kho b\u00e3i ch\u1ee9a nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eeba l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, r\u1ed9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch xa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4 t\u00f4, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2 m t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (ph\u00eda g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eddi (c\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m, s\u1ecfi, x\u1ec9 v.v&#8230;) \u0111\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh b\u00e3i, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.5<\/b>\u00a0V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t (xi m\u0103ng, th\u1ea1ch cao, v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t&#8230;) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng bao ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9a trong th\u00f9ng k\u00edn, xi l\u00f4, bunke&#8230;, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i khi x\u1ebfp d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00f9ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ee9a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. B\u00ean trong th\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o trong xil\u00f4, bunke, kho ch\u1ee9a khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c trang b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (t\u1eddi k\u00e9o, d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n&#8230;).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.6\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y (x\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u, m\u1ee1&#8230;) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong kho ri\u00eang theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.7\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i axit ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ef1ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh k\u00edn l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7y tinh ch\u1ecbu axit v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a axit kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau. M\u1ed7i b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u ghi r\u00f5 lo\u1ea1i axit, ng\u00e0y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ed5, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1edd h\u00e0o, h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi thi c\u00f4ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.10\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e1 h\u1ed9c, g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t, ng\u00f3i x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 1 m. G\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y x\u1ebfp n\u1eb1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 25 h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.11\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m s\u00e0n, t\u1ea5m m\u00e1i x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 2,5 m (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m l\u00f3t). T\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khung \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 ch\u1eef A. T\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng trong c\u00e1c khung gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.12\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i m\u00f3ng, kh\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec7 sinh, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, kh\u1ed1i \u1ed1ng th\u1ea3i r\u00e1c x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 2,5 m (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m l\u00f3t).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.13\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n d\u00e0i ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o s\u1eb5n x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 2 m (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m l\u00f3t).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.14\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 2,5 m (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.15<\/b>\u00a0V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 1,2 m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf trong kho k\u00edn, kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.16<\/b>\u00a0\u1ed0ng th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1edbi 300 mm ph\u1ea3i x\u1ebfp theo t\u1eebng l\u1edbp v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cao qu\u00e1 2,5 m. \u1ed0ng th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 300 mm tr\u1edf l\u00ean, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng gang x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng l\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 1,2 m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.17<\/b>\u00a0Th\u00e9p t\u1ea5m, th\u00e9p h\u00ecnh x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 1,5 m. Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf x\u1ebfp l\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1; t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u00e9p x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.18<\/b>\u00a0G\u1ed7 c\u00e2y x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng ch\u1ed3ng, c\u00f3 k\u00ea \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ecdc gh\u00ecm hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 1,5 m. G\u1ed7 x\u1ebb x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 1\/2 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3; n\u1ebfu x\u1ebfp xen k\u1ebd l\u1edbp ngang v\u00e0 l\u1edbp d\u1ecdc th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.19<\/b>\u00a0K\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng h\u00f2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t trong gi\u00e1 khung th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng. Ch\u1ec9 x\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.2.3.20<\/b>\u00a0M\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong thi c\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.1<\/b>\u00a0Khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i QCVN QT\u0110-5: 2009\/BCT, QCVN QT\u0110-06: 2009\/BCT, QCVN QT\u0110-07: 2009\/BCT, QCVN 01: 2008\/BCT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.2<\/b>\u00a0C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn 1 000 V ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eadc 4 an to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.3<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 c\u1ea7u dao chung v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 hay t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.4<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n (d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, thanh d\u1eabn, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao, c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y, c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8230;) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c thao t\u00e1c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, c\u00e1p h\u1edf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ecdc k\u00edn, ho\u1eb7c treo cao. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1edf theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, ph\u1ea3i treo cao, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 treo bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.5<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 thi c\u00f4ng \u1edf t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n; ph\u1ea3i m\u1eafc tr\u00ean c\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn; ph\u1ea3i \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2,5 m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 5,0 m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00f3 xe c\u1ed9 qua l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi 2,5 m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p b\u1ecdc cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng cho m\u00e1y thi c\u00f4ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n tr\u00ean tang ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean r\u00e3nh c\u00e1p. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 xe c\u1ed9 ch\u00e8n qua hay c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean c\u00e1p d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.6<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 36 V, ph\u1ea3i treo c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2,5 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.7<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ec3 thay cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.8<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1p, v\u1eadt ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8230; \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 trong kho) \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n hay ch\u01b0a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.9<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n chung t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd sao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7u dao&#8230; ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t trong h\u1ed9p k\u00edn, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. Khi c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ea1ch. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.10<\/b>\u00a0\u1ed4 ph\u00edch c\u1eafm d\u00f9ng cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n di \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i ghi r\u00f5 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u00edch n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m sao cho c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng) ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc so v\u1edbi d\u00e2y pha khi \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eafm nh\u1ea7m ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng (tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng) ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c pha v\u00e0 l\u1eafp ngay tr\u00ean v\u1ecf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc tr\u00ean d\u00e2y di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.11<\/b>\u00a0T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y, r\u01a1le, \u00e1pt\u00f4m\u00e1t&#8230;) ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.12<\/b>\u00a0T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, khi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, khi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n chung b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t th\u00ec ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khi d\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n chung.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.13<\/b>\u00a0Khi di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n. Ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu v\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ph\u00f3ng qua v\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.14<\/b>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eaft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ra kh\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o m\u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn bao che, th\u00e1o n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, th\u00e1o, n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng khi \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.15<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u00f3ng c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho t\u1eeb 2 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u00e0y, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u00e1y. Sau khi ng\u1eaft c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3a c\u1ea7u dao v\u00e0 \u0111eo bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c, tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n khi \u0111ang c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.16<\/b>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay d\u00e2y ch\u1ea3y trong c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i n\u1eafp, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i. Khi thay c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9, g\u0103ng tay cao su, c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i gi\u1ea7y c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi d\u00f9ng thang \u0111\u1ec3 thay c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y \u1edf tr\u00ean cao trong l\u00fac \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.17<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u1eafp b\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n khi ch\u01b0a c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo g\u0103ng tay c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.18<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ea7m tay. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 36 V. \u0110\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ea7m tay ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00e2y b\u1ecdc cao su, l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n qua \u1ed5 c\u1eafm. \u1ed4 c\u1eafm v\u00e0 ph\u00edch c\u1eafm d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 36 V, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u1ea7u s\u01a1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u00edch c\u1eafm d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u00f3i m\u1eaft do tia s\u00e1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e8n ph\u00e1t ra.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.19<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.20<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay (d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e8n di \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y gi\u1ea3m th\u1ebf an to\u00e0n, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1&#8230;) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 3 th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea1m m\u00e1t tr\u00ean v\u1ecf m\u00e1y, v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7; ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ri\u00eang c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.21<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p t\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 36 V.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.3.22<\/b>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c, xo\u1eafn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 n\u1ed9i quy c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.2\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 18 tu\u1ed5i khi b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp, mang v\u00e1c v\u1edbi qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 60 m nh\u01b0 sau: nam 50 kg, n\u1eef 30 kg.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.3\u00a0<\/b>B\u00e3i b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng; ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp \u0111i l\u1ea1i thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp &#8211; v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i duy\u1ec7t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5, ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.7\u00a0<\/b>B\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Khi b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e8n ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111u\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.8\u00a0<\/b>B\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9n (th\u00f9ng phuy, d\u00e2y c\u00e1p, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y&#8230;), n\u1ebfu l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u0103n, tr\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y neo gi\u1eef \u1edf tr\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng l\u0103n xu\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 do. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 hai b\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ee9a trong b\u00ecnh, chai, l\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng; ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e8n gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.10<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edf x\u0103ng \u00ea-ti-len c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.11<\/b>\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eddi nh\u01b0 xi m\u0103ng, v\u00f4i, b\u1ed9t, th\u1ea1ch cao, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.12<\/b>\u00a0B\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, tr\u00e1nh va ch\u1ea1m m\u1ea1nh, r\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed5. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00ednh d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a \u00f4xy v\u00e0 kh\u00ed n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.13<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed3m ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u00fac x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng tay, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Khi m\u00fac r\u00f3t axit ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u1eeb t\u1eeb, th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 axit b\u1eafn v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o axit m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f3t axit v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc khi pha ch\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.1.14<\/b>\u00a0X\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng l\u00ean toa t\u1ea7u, th\u00f9ng xe kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5; ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e8n bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 r\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed5, x\u00ea d\u1ecbch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.2 V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4 s\u01a1<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.2.1<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp ph\u1ea3i: Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 quang treo, \u0111\u00f2n g\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a xe (c\u00e0ng, b\u00e1nh, th\u00f9ng xe, v\u00e1n ch\u1eafn, d\u00e2y k\u00e9o&#8230;) \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t d\u00e2y, g\u00e3y c\u00e0ng&#8230; trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n; Ki\u1ec3m tra tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.2.2<\/b>\u00a0Khi khu\u00e2n v\u00e1c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng c\u1ea7n t\u1eeb hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i giao cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.2.3<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng l\u00ean xe c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, xe ba g\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e8n b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e0ng xe th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.2.4<\/b>\u00a0Khi x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean xe:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng r\u1eddi: g\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1, c\u00e1t, s\u1ecfi,&#8230; ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh th\u00f9ng xe 2 cm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u00e1n ch\u1eafn hai \u0111\u1ea7u;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1c bao m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 xi m\u0103ng, v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t,\u2026 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp cao h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh xe nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 2 bao v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp cao qu\u00e1 1,5 m t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe \u0111i (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi xe ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea9y) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p t\u1ea5m, th\u00e9p g\u00f3c, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u00f9ng xe ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.2.5<\/b>\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe ba g\u00e1c, xe c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean d\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i hai b\u00ean th\u00e0nh xe v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ec tay l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y. Khi \u0111\u1ed7 xe tr\u00ean d\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e8n b\u00e1nh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Khi xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 15<sup>o<\/sup>\u00a0th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i quay c\u00e0ng xe v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9o ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 xe l\u0103n xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.2.6<\/b>\u00a0Khi d\u00f9ng xe do s\u00fac v\u1eadt k\u00e9o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i b\u00ean tr\u00e1i s\u00fac v\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u00f9ng xe ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean th\u00f9ng xe. Xe ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh h\u00e3m, khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3 V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u00f4t\u00f4, m\u00e1y k\u00e9o<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.1<\/b>\u00a0Khi ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng l\u00ean xe, t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.2<\/b>\u00a0Khi l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c mi\u1ec7ng r\u00f3t c\u1ee7a bunke xil\u00f4&#8230; ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed7 xe sao cho t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u00f9ng xe \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u00e2m d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb mi\u1ec7ng r\u00f3t c\u1ee7a bunke, xil\u00f4&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.3<\/b>\u00a0Khi ch\u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng r\u1eddi nh\u01b0 g\u1ea1ch, ng\u00f3i, c\u00e1t, s\u1ecfi,&#8230; ph\u1ea3i x\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed5 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh xe 10 cm. Mu\u1ed1n x\u1ebfp cao h\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i cao th\u00e0nh xe, ch\u1ed7 n\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.4<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng nh\u1eb9, x\u1ed1p, cho ph\u00e9p x\u1ebfp cao h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh xe nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp r\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a xe, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.5<\/b>\u00a0Khi ch\u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng d\u00e0i c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh nh\u01b0: v\u00ec k\u00e8o, c\u1ed9t, t\u1ea5m s\u00e0n, t\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c,\u2026 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u1eadt k\u00ea ch\u00e8n gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1,5 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u00f9ng xe th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i th\u00eam r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c, s\u00e0n r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1edbi s\u00e0n th\u00f9ng xe. Ch\u1ed7 n\u1ed1i r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c v\u1edbi xe ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t tu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 quay t\u1ef1 do khi xe ch\u1ea1y. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 ben \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i h\u01a1n th\u00f9ng xe ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i th\u00eam r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c v\u00e0o xe ben.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.6<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u00f4t\u00f4, c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c, xe h\u00e0ng, tr\u00ean th\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5, tr\u00ean r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c, n\u1eeda r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c, xe t\u00e9c v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh (lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi). Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng xe c\u00f3 ch\u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, d\u1ec5 n\u1ed5, d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf b\u1eadc l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ed7 n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c, n\u1eeda r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c v\u1edbi xe, tr\u00ean n\u1eafp ca p\u00f4, tr\u00ean n\u00f3c xe, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed3i \u1edf kh\u1ecfang tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa th\u00f9ng xe v\u00e0 ca bin xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.7<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho xe ch\u1ea1y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh h\u00e3m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tay l\u00e1i, c\u00e1c c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00e1c \u1ed1c h\u00e3m, c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t an to\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u, c\u00f2i;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c, n\u1eeda r\u01a1 mo\u00f3c v\u1edbi \u00f4 t\u00f4 m\u00e1y k\u00e9o;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c tr\u00ean xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.8<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.4.3.7 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t h\u00e3m gi\u1eef th\u00f9ng ben kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb l\u1eadt;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t th\u00f9ng ben v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u n\u00e2ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t h\u00e3m ph\u00eda sau th\u00f9ng xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.9<\/b>\u00a0Trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng: Xe ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 10 km\/h; khi ngo\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 5 km\/h. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c xe c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 20 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.10<\/b>\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i xe \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi xe ph\u1ea3i t\u1eaft m\u00e1y, k\u00e9o phanh tay, r\u00fat ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a c\u1eeda bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i. Khi d\u1eebng xe (m\u00e1y v\u1eabn n\u1ed5) th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eddi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e1i xe \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.11<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 xe tr\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed1c. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed7 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e8n b\u00e1nh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.12<\/b>\u00a0V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o l\u1ea5y theo 2.6.1.15 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1edd ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 xe kh\u00f4ng l\u00f9i qu\u00e1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi xe \u0111\u1ed7 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m cho c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.13<\/b>\u00a0Khi quay \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u00f9i xe ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5m c\u00f2i b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c xe c\u1ed9 qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.14<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o h\u00e0ng l\u00ean d\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 300 ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 150.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.3.15<\/b>\u00a0N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng, khi h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng trong th\u00f9ng xe, th\u00f9ng toa ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ed3i trong bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i; ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i th\u00f9ng xe, th\u00f9ng toa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00f3c, b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4 V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa, xe go\u00f2ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.1<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng go\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng go\u00f2ng d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c toa xe ho\u1eb7c go\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea9y tay kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 2 %.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.2<\/b>\u00a0C\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c ghi chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.3<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hai b\u00ean. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh toa xe \u0111\u1ebfn lan can kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 m. M\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e1t v\u00e1n kh\u00edt, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t v\u00e1n \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thanh g\u1ed7 n\u1eb9p ngang \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea9y xe qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.4<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c xe go\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea9y tay ch\u1ea1y c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 20 m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng; kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 30 m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed1c. Xe go\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 phanh ch\u00e2n, ch\u1ed1t h\u00e3m t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e3m xe go\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e8n b\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho go\u00f2ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e3m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.5<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi go\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea9y tay ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean go\u00f2ng khi go\u00f2ng \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 go\u00f2ng ch\u1ea1y t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.6<\/b>\u00a0Khi k\u00e9o go\u00f2ng l\u00ean d\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2n d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 hai b\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn d\u00e2y c\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.7<\/b>\u00a0T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea9y go\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 6 km\/h. Khi g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 tr\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n xoay ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cho go\u00f2ng ch\u1ea1y ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n. Khi go\u00f2ng ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f2i b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh xa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng go\u00f2ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 (\u0111\u1ed5 go\u00f2ng, tr\u1eadt b\u00e1nh,&#8230;), ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c go\u00f2ng ph\u00eda sau d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Khi ch\u1ea1y go\u00f2ng ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.4.8<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng go\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00e3m phanh, ch\u00e8n b\u00e1nh. Nh\u1eefng go\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u00f9ng l\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u1ed1t h\u00e3m. H\u00e0ng x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean go\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng r\u1eddi th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh go\u00f2ng 5 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.5 V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.5.1<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean, xu\u1ed1ng t\u1ea7u, thuy\u1ec1n&#8230; ph\u1ea3i neo gi\u1eef t\u1ea7u, thuy\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. B\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.5.2<\/b>\u00a0C\u1ea7u l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng t\u1ea7u, thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 30<sup>o<\/sup>\u00a0v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1eb9p ngang. Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,3 m khi \u0111i 1 chi\u1ec1u; kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 m khi \u0111i hai chi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ea5u m\u1eafc v\u00e0o t\u1ea7u, thuy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ea7u kia t\u1ef1a v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o b\u1edd. Khi c\u1ea7u d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 3 m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 gi\u1eefa nh\u1ecbp.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.5.3<\/b>\u00a0Khi ch\u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1t, xi m\u0103ng, v\u00f4i,.. nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1i che m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.5.4<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.5.5<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean t\u1ea7u, thuy\u1ec1n cao qu\u00e1 boong t\u00e0u, m\u1ea1n thuy\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng nh\u1eb9 x\u1ed1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng l\u1eadt thuy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.4.5.6<\/b>\u00a0Khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea7u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m tay<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.1<\/b>\u00a0D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m tay ph\u1ea3i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn t\u1ed1i \u0111a, c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1eaft ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean b\u1eadt tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n ghi tr\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.2<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 10 kg tr\u1edf l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng, treo khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.3<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m tay d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ea7u m\u0169i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t n\u1ebb, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t, v\u1ee1, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi thao t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.4<\/b>\u00a0D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, k\u00e8m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.5<\/b>\u00a0D\u00e2y c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c treo tr\u00ean cao, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o c\u0103ng, xo\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea5p khi \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01a1i \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean nhau.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.6<\/b>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00ed n\u00e9n. Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 theo \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf; ph\u1ea3i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trang b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, m\u0169, k\u00ednh, kh\u1ea9u trang, g\u0103ng tay, gi\u1ea7y, \u1ee7ng, d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n,\u2026). Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eb7t; d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bu\u1ed9c d\u00e2y tr\u00e1nh r\u01a1i g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.7<\/b>\u00a0Khi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m tay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ng\u0103n n\u1eafp, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1, tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y s\u00e1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng do c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecdn s\u1eafc. Ph\u1ea3i bao b\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecdn s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khi di chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.8<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, th\u1eed ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sai s\u00f3t, nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eafp b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ngay.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.9<\/b>\u00a0Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf an to\u00e0n, v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i tr\u00ean 2 ch\u00e2n, d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 2 tay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eadc thang n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i. Khi khoan ho\u1eb7c si\u1ebft \u0111ai \u1ed1c, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoan ho\u1eb7c si\u1ebft \u0111ai \u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng tay \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecdn phoi kim lo\u1ea1i, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y \u0111ang quay ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t tay, ch\u00e2n g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.10<\/b>\u00a0Ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c khi th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ea5t h\u01a1i, khi di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c khi ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed n\u00e9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00f4ng coi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.11<\/b>\u00a0Quanh khu v\u1ef1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9n b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p, th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00f4m, c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c tua v\u00edt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t ra tia l\u1eeda m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea7n ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 h\u01a1i d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.1.12<\/b>\u00a0Trong khi thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xuy\u00ean th\u1ee7ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00e0m b\u1eafn m\u1ea3nh b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.2 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.2.1<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1n g\u1ed7, c\u00e1n tre c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tre, g\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ee9ng, d\u1ebbo, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t, n\u1ebb, m\u1ecdt, m\u1ee5c; ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 n\u00eam ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.2.2<\/b>\u00a0Ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n (c\u1edd l\u00ea) ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo \u0111\u00fang k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u0169 \u1ed1c. Mi\u1ec7ng ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00eang cho\u00e3i ra, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tim tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n th\u1eb3ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi tim d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u0169 \u1ed1c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eb7n m\u0169 \u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u0169 \u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec7m mi\u1ebfng th\u00e9p v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u0169 \u1ed1c v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p (tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.2.3<\/b>\u00a0Khi \u0111\u1ee5c ph\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9. T\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.3 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.3.1<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u1ed5 c\u1eafm ho\u1eb7c ph\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.3.2<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.3.3<\/b>\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01a1i d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 36 V. \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00edt nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 110 V ho\u1eb7c 220 V, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u1ee7ng, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea7y v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec3, gi\u1ebfng kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.4 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00ed n\u00e9n c\u1ea7m tay<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.4.1<\/b>\u00a0C\u00f2 c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00ed n\u00e9n c\u1ea7m tay ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u sao cho khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ef1c \u1ea5n th\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p kh\u00ed n\u00e9n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.4.2<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed n\u00e9n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i qua c\u00e1c van \u1edf h\u1ed9p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.4.3<\/b>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ph\u1ee5 ra kh\u1ecfi \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh khi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng c\u1ea5p kh\u00ed n\u00e9n. Ch\u1ec9 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p kh\u00ed n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.5.4.4<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng \u0111ai s\u1eaft. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c treo \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed n\u00e9n b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe m\u00e1y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.1<\/b>\u00a0T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, c\u00f3 s\u1ed5 giao ca, s\u1ed5 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.2<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh, gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng c\u00f2n th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi QCVN 02: 2011\/BL\u0110TBXH, QCVN 07: 2012\/BL\u0110TBXH, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c th\u00e1p:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u1eadt r\u01a1i;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3ng 1;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u th\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.3<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eebng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf m\u1ed7i m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh lu\u00f4n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01a1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gia c\u1ed1 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea9u ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c m\u00f3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1p t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2n t\u1ea3i \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 20 cm r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean. Lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi xi nhan v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea9u. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ea1 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng h\u00e0o, h\u1ed1, gi\u1ebfng,\u2026 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng c\u00e1p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean tang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1,5 r th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea3i. Vi\u1ec7c m\u00f3c bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i giao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 huy b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo hi\u1ec7u l\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.4<\/b>\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi (tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u) v\u00e0 k\u00e9o l\u00ea h\u00e0ng; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng qua \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p che ch\u1eafn khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea9u, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea9u; ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt c\u1ea9u t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 50 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.5<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.6<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: B\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c bao che k\u00edn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n mang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea7n; N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.7<\/b>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf n\u1eafp b\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra ch\u00e1y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i d\u1eadp l\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1t, ph\u1edbt, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.8<\/b>\u00a0Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u0103ng b\u1eafn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt r\u1eafn ra khi xe m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c trang b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 che ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c trang b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. Ri\u00eang c\u00e1c tang c\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea5n c\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.9<\/b>\u00a0C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m sao cho khi xe m\u00e1y \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u, c\u00f2n trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eebng, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eaft xe m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.10<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, khi l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 lu\u1eadt giao th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n. Khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.11<\/b>\u00a0C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf xe m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.12<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.13<\/b>\u00a0V\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t xe m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.14<\/b>\u00a0C\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 trong B\u1ea3ng 2.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 2 &#8211; Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n,\u00a0<\/b>kV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"39\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"46\">\n<p align=\"center\">1 \u00f7 20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"58\">\n<p align=\"center\">35 \u00f7 110<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"65\">\n<p align=\"center\">154 \u00f7 220<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">\n<p align=\"center\">300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"75\">\n<p align=\"center\">500 \u00f7 700<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch n\u1eb1m ngang, m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"39\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"46\">\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"58\">\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"65\">\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"75\">\n<p align=\"center\">9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>2.6.1.15\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea1nh h\u00e0o, h\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, h\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 trong B\u1ea3ng 3.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 3 &#8211; Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0o h\u1ed1<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\" width=\"149\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1<br \/>\nm<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"538\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>C\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u1ea5t s\u00e9t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>S\u00e9t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"538\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch n\u1eb1m ngang t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n taluy c\u1ee7a h\u00e0o, h\u1ed1 (m)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"149\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"149\">\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">2,4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"149\">\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">3,6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">3,25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\">1,75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"149\">\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">4,4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\">3,0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"149\">\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">5,3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"128\">\n<p align=\"center\">4,75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\">3,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ee5t l\u1edf h\u00e0o h\u1ed1, khi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.16<\/b>\u00a0Khi di chuy\u1ec3n xe m\u00e1y d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 cho \u1edf B\u1ea3ng 4.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 4- Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"296\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n,\u00a0<\/b>kV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"33\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"59\">\n<p align=\"center\">1 \u00f7 20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"77\">\n<p align=\"center\">35 \u00f7 110<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\">\n<p align=\"center\">154 \u00f7 220<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"51\">\n<p align=\"center\">300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">500 \u00f7 700<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"296\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng,\u00a0<\/b>m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"33\">\n<p align=\"center\">1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"59\">\n<p align=\"center\">2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"77\">\n<p align=\"center\">3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\">\n<p align=\"center\">4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"51\">\n<p align=\"center\">5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"85\">\n<p align=\"center\">6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>2.6.1.17\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe m\u00e1y khi:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; H\u1ebft h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ghi trong gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 phi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1 15 %.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.18\u00a0<\/b>Khi xe m\u00e1y \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p b\u1ecf \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hay c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong cabin.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.19\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadn th\u0103ng:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh sau khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn th\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111ang x\u1ebfp d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 khi c\u1eeda v\u00e0o, c\u1eeda ra ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. Tr\u00ean v\u1eadn th\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u00fat \u201cStop\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu v\u1eadn th\u0103ng b\u1ecb d\u1eebng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u00fd tr\u00e8o ra ngo\u00e0i;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi d\u1eebng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 v\u1eadn th\u0103ng xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f3a c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadn th\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i mang qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng kh\u0103n qu\u00e0ng, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea5n g\u1ecdn t\u00f3c d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u0169.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.20\u00a0<\/b>V\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1eadn th\u0103ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.21\u00a0<\/b>N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng m\u00f3c s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng th\u00ec m\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1,8 m. \u0110\u1ea7u m\u00f3c ph\u00eda tay c\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eb3ng, nh\u1eb5n, kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1n g\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.22\u00a0<\/b>V\u1eadn th\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn an to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u00eda. \u0110\u1ed9 cao che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadn th\u0103ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 1,1 m, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadn th\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,5 m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i cao h\u01a1n h\u00e0ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eddi t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 0,1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.23\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0ng x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean v\u1eadn th\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn th\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn th\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e3m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u00ea d\u1ecbch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Bi tum n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean v\u1eadn th\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ef1ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.1.24\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh xe m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n xe m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.2 Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho xe m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe m\u00e1y khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Xe m\u00e1y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec theo \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.6.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt xe m\u00e1y sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1o x\u1ea3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n. Ri\u00eang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o l\u1eafp, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c khoan<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.1\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0: bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng, h\u1ea1 c\u1ea7n khoan, trang b\u1ecb d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n, che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a to, gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi n\u00e2ng, h\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa th\u00e1p khoan, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, c\u00e1ch th\u00e1p khoan m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng 1,5 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y khoan ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 c\u1ea7n, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 100 m. Di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u00e1p khoan cao h\u01a1n 12 m ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p ch\u1eb1ng gi\u1eef 4 ph\u00eda v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 2\/3 \u0111\u1ebfn 3\/4 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb th\u00e1p t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eddi k\u00e9o th\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 5 m. Khi t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng di chuy\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea3i n\u00e9o c\u00e1c d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y khoan v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u00e1p khoan kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 m. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa th\u00e1p khoan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e1p khoan \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n nhau \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng 1,5 l\u1ea7n chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p khoan cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.6\u00a0<\/b>Xung quanh m\u1ed7i th\u00e1p khoan ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea7n khoan b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea7u thang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e1p. C\u1ea7u thang v\u00e0 s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u00e1p khoan ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 xung quanh cao 1 m. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan can th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i mang d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.7\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e1p khoan ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c d\u00e2y n\u00e9o. C\u00e1c d\u00e2y n\u00e9o ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ecf n\u00e9o theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e1p khoan khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y n\u00e9o theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.8\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khoan, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c neo gi\u1eef;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u1edf th\u00e1p;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p khoan;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 hay c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t th\u00e1p b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng (l\u00f5m, cong, v\u00eanh, n\u1ee9t\u2026) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c n\u1ed1i neo, k\u1eb9p b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khoan;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khoan ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khoan th\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y khoan.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.9\u00a0<\/b>Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e1p khoan trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi di chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e1p khoan;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sau khi ng\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec c\u00f3 gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sau khi khoan tr\u00fang t\u00fai kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.10\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf tr\u00ean th\u00e1p khoan khi c\u1ea7n khoan \u0111ang n\u00e2ng, h\u1ea1. Ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng, h\u1ea1 c\u1ea7n khoan. Hi\u1ec7u l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.11\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c th\u00e1p khoan ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.7.12\u00a0<\/b>H\u1ed1 khoan khi ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u0111\u1eady ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eady ho\u1eb7c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i treo bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8 Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 thang<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.1\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, thi c\u00f4ng, l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng, nghi\u1ec7m thu v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n. Ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ho\u1eb7c k\u00e8m theo ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, thang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o l\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t cho thanh ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 khi:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00eau trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c trong ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang; nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c m\u00f3c neo, d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u k\u00e9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 lan can, m\u00e1i \u0111ua, ban c\u00f4ng&#8230; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u01b0a t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c neo gi\u1eef;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t, m\u00f2n, g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khe h\u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5 cm khi x\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 20 cm khi ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb m\u00e9p bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1edbi m\u00e9p bi\u00ean li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 60 cm;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c c\u1ed9t gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khung \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n k\u00e9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, l\u1edf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn hay k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u00e0, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ch\u00ednh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 cho c\u1ed9t gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, khung \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp t\u1ea3i l\u00ean gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3ng ghi r\u00f5 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean) ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp, ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o l\u00ean c\u00e1c thang c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o cao h\u01a1n 6 m ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean tr\u00ean, s\u00e0n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean hai s\u00e0n th\u00ec v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u1eefa hai s\u00e0n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e0n hay l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean hai s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t khoang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o cao h\u01a1n 12 m ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u thang trong m\u1ed9t khoang gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ea7u thang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 60<sup>o<\/sup>. Kh\u1ecfang tr\u1ed1ng \u1edf s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 lan can an to\u00e0n \u1edf c\u1ea3 ba ph\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 m. Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111\u1ea9y tay th\u00ec chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng s\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1,5 m. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1nh xe ph\u1ea3i l\u00e1t v\u00e1n; c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00edt v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.9\u00a0<\/b>V\u00e1n l\u00e1t s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ee5c, m\u1ecdt hay n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Khi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.2.2.6 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 lan can cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 2 thanh ngang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.11\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i qua l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 che ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i, g\u1ea7n ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y tr\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c v\u00e1ch h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t l\u1edf ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n va ch\u1ea1m l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5, g\u00e3y gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n (d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 m, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf) c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.14\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00f3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.3, 2.5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.15\u00a0<\/b>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ebfn 4 m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nghi\u1ec7m thu v\u00e0 ghi v\u00e0o nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thi c\u00f4ng; cao tr\u00ean 4 m th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, lan can ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9, thang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn gi\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 c\u1ed1p pha. C\u00e1c ti th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ee1 k\u00edch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ti ph\u00eda tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c k\u00edch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e3m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ee5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.16\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1. Trong khi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nguy hi\u1ec3m, ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.17\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi ng\u1eebng thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i (tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng) n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7m thu l\u1ea1i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.1.15.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.18\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng. Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n, bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n qua l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.1.19\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp, th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a to, gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o ho\u1eb7c gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Khi t\u1ea1nh m\u01b0a, mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.1.16 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.2 Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o tre, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o g\u1ed7<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Tre d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tre gi\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3i m\u1ee5c, m\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c d\u1eadp g\u00e3y, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.2.2\u00a0<\/b>G\u1ed7 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u1ed7 nh\u00f3m 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh, m\u1ee5c, m\u1ecdt, n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 4 m ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng n\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng. Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o tre ph\u1ea3i bu\u1ed9c b\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc, l\u00e2u m\u1ee5c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111inh \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o tre.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.2.4\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c ch\u00e2n c\u1ed9t gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o tre ph\u1ea3i ch\u00f4n s\u00e2u 0,5 m v\u00e0 l\u00e8n ch\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o tre, g\u1ed7 d\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp xong ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng neo bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u (lan can, c\u1ea7u thang, v\u00e1n s\u00e0n&#8230;).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.3 Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o th\u00e9p<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.3.1\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111ai th\u00e9p li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb cong, b\u1eb9p, l\u00f5m, n\u1ee9t, th\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.3.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c ch\u00e2n c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i neo ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00f3c neo ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Khi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00f3c neo tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 gi\u1eb1ng ph\u00eda trong \u0111\u1ec3 neo, c\u00e1c \u0111ai th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng thanh \u0111\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean c\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng, th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o th\u00e9p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n (d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 m) ph\u1ea3i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.1.13.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u1ef1ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o cao h\u01a1n 4 m ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o d\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4 Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo, n\u00f4i treo<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4.1\u00a0<\/b>Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n d\u00e2y treo ph\u1ea3i theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 6.<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m d\u00e2y treo b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y c\u00e1p. N\u00f4i treo ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y treo b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1p m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4.2\u00a0<\/b>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo v\u00e0 n\u00f4i treo ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 ra c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng 10 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4.3\u00a0<\/b>Con-xon ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e1i \u0111ua ho\u1eb7c b\u1edd m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4.4\u00a0<\/b>Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang d\u00e2y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o con- xon ho\u1eb7c qua c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4.6\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u0129nh c\u00f3 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 25 % t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f4i treo, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u0129nh nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng sau:<\/p>\n<p>a, T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f4i treo khi n\u00e2ng, h\u1ea1 v\u1edbi tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 10 % t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>b, T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng treo v\u00e0 m\u00f3c treo c\u00f3 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 2 l\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian treo th\u1eed tr\u00ean d\u00e2y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 15 min.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.4.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 n\u00f4i treo ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng t\u1eddi c\u00f3 phanh h\u00e3m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do. Khi ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 n\u00f4i treo xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.5 Th\u00e1p n\u00e2ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.5.1\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e1p n\u00e2ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.5.2\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1p n\u00e2ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e8n b\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch h\u00e3m. Th\u00e1p n\u00e2ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t theo ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.5.3\u00a0<\/b>Di chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e1p n\u00e2ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1eadt. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e1p n\u00e2ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.6 Gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 con-xon<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.6.1\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c khung c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi ch\u01b0a thi c\u00f4ng xong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1c v\u00e1n t\u1ea1m l\u00ean \u0111\u00f2n k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t khu gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t khung gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1ea7m s\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.6.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed3ng hai khung. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p mu\u1ed1n x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed3ng ba khung th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1. C\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1. C\u00e1c khung \u1edf t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i neo v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.6.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ef1a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecbn v\u00e0o khung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.6.4\u00a0<\/b>Con-xon ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.6.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 v\u00e0o con-xon. Khi l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 con-xon, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ra qua c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.7 Thang<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.7.1\u00a0<\/b>Thang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u00e8n gi\u1eef ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1a thang nghi\u00eang v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng n\u1eb1m ngang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 60<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 45<sup>o<\/sup>. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thang \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef thang v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n thang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8n gi\u1eef ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.7.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i thang ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn; \u0111\u1ea7u thang ph\u1ea3i neo bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.7.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean thang g\u1ea5p, ph\u1ea3i n\u00e9o d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng thang b\u1ecb do\u00e3ng ra.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.7.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thang ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng an to\u00e0n chung c\u1ee7a thang. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thang m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c thang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng 120 daN.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.7.5\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean thang ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u00e8n thang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ef1a thang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.8.7.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o thang khi \u0111ang c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean thang. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thang g\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o hay gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c h\u00e0n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edn kh\u00edt, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.2\u00a0<\/b>\u1ede nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u00e0n h\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi (khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7) ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 trong b\u00e1n k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 5 m, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb n\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 khi c\u1eaft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p h\u00e0n c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u00e0n h\u01a1i trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t; t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 0,3 m\/s \u0111\u1ebfn 1,5 m\/s; ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf ngo\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00e0n c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng (Propan, Butan v\u00e0 \u00d4xit cacbon) th\u00ec mi\u1ec7ng h\u00fat c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn tho\u00e1t kh\u00f3i, qu\u1ea1t th\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh h\u00edt kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi h\u00e0n c\u1eaft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e1y l\u1ecfng, ho\u1eb7c axit, ph\u1ea3i s\u00fac r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch r\u1ed3i s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, sau \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 h\u01a1i kh\u00ed ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u01a1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u00e0n h\u01a1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng k\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi h\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng k\u00edn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7m tay, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 12 V. Ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly cho \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p t\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 \u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n h\u01a1i, h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 k\u00ednh h\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.11\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n tr\u00ean cao sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.1.12\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0n c\u1eaft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2 H\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.1\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o m\u00e1y h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i qua c\u1ea7u dao, d\u00e2y ch\u1ea3y. M\u00e1y h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u00e1y h\u00e0n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 QCVN 03: 2011\/BL\u0110TBXH.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n (v\u1ecf m\u00e1y h\u00e0n xoay chi\u1ec1u, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u&#8230;) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0<\/p>\n<p>c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.3\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n t\u1edbi k\u00ecm h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ecf h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p m\u1ec1m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ed7 n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c c\u00e1p d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng bu l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n thi\u1ebfc t\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 va ch\u1ea1m l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng v\u1ecf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u, c\u00e1p th\u00e9p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh \u00f4xy, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed ax\u00eatylen ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed ch\u00e1y kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 5 m. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 15 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y m\u00e1t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng do d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n \u0111i qua. M\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1eb9p, bul\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n. Khi h\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 d\u00e2y ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.7\u00a0<\/b>Chu\u00f4i k\u00ecm h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t. K\u00ecm h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i k\u1eb9p ch\u1eafc que h\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0n c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 600 A tr\u1edf l\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng k\u00ecm h\u00e0n ki\u1ec3u d\u00e2y d\u1eabn lu\u1ed3n trong chu\u00f4i k\u00ecm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.8\u00a0<\/b>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n xoay chi\u1ec1u trong l\u00fac ph\u00e1t h\u1ed3 quang, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 110 V \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 70 V \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p xoay chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.9\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y h\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p 1 pha v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 50 Hz v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 50 V. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 36 V.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.10\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ed3 quang t\u1eeb m\u00e1y h\u00e0n xoay chi\u1ec1u, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, m\u00e1y ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.11\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u00e1o d\u00e2y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y h\u00e0n khi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.12\u00a0<\/b>Khi h\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i; th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u0169 cao su, gi\u1ea7y ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay cao su.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.13\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che m\u01b0a. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi khi c\u00f3 m\u01b0a, b\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.14\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0n \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.15\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y h\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ki\u1ec3u h\u00e0n n\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh trong su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quan s\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.16\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.17\u00a0<\/b>M\u00e1y h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i con l\u0103n, ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp m\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ee5c c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.18\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp k\u00ednh che c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u1edf ph\u00eda th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.19\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p h\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.20\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9; ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea9m duy\u1ec7t th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.21\u00a0<\/b>Khi h\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang h\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. M\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7u dao, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.2.22\u00a0<\/b>N\u1ebfu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0n, c\u00f3 v\u00e1ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3 H\u00e0n h\u01a1i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.1\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i, ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.2\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n (cacbua canxi) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong th\u00f9ng k\u00edn; \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y. Khi m\u1edf th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh sinh kh\u00ed ax\u00eatylen, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ph\u00e9p;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e1o b\u1ecf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c van an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1edf n\u1eafp ng\u0103n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ee7a b\u00ecnh khi ch\u01b0a th\u00e1o h\u1ebft kh\u00ed c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong b\u00ecnh;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1eb7t b\u00ecnh \u1edf l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i, \u1edf g\u1ea7n c\u1ea7u thang, \u1edf t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m, ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00f2ng khi b\u00ecnh b\u1ecb n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.4\u00a0<\/b>B\u00ecnh sinh kh\u00ed ax\u00eatylen ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u d\u1eadp l\u1eeda. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed7i ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong b\u1ea7u d\u1eadp l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u00ecnh sinh kh\u00ed ax\u00eatylen, ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 (v\u00f2i, c\u1eeda,\u2026) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo k\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u trang. Khi l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong b\u00ecnh sinh kh\u00ed ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo g\u0103ng tay cao su.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ri\u00eang c\u00e1c chai ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u00ed. Chai ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng x\u00edch, m\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c \u0111ai kh\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 giao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng chai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.9\u00a0<\/b>Chai ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed ax\u00eatylen s\u01a1n m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, ch\u1eef \u201cAX\u00caTYLEN\u201d vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean chai s\u01a1n m\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecf. Chai ch\u1ee9a \u00f4xy s\u01a1n m\u1ea7u xanh da tr\u1eddi, ch\u1eef \u201c\u00d4XY\u201d vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean chai b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1n m\u1ea7u \u0111en.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.10\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c chai \u00f4xy v\u00e0 ax\u00eatylen d\u00f9ng khi h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t, kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che m\u01b0a n\u1eafng, c\u00e1ch xa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nung n\u00f3ng. Khi di chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 xe chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chai \u00f4xy v\u00e0 ax\u00eatylen (ho\u1eb7c b\u00ecnh sinh kh\u00ed ax\u00eatylen) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1edbi n\u01a1i h\u00e0n, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda h\u1edf ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t sinh tia l\u1eeda t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 10 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.11\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chai \u00f4xy:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e1c l\u00ean vai ho\u1eb7c l\u0103n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m x\u00f3c;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, ph\u1ea3i x\u1ebfp chai theo chi\u1ec1u ngang c\u1ee7a xe v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i chai ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 2 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng cao su ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e3o gai c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 25 mm;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f4i d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n ren. Tay d\u00ednh d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edd v\u00e0o chai.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.12\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u00f9y theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong chai m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; 50 kPa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chai ch\u1ee9a \u00f4xy;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; 330 kPa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chai ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed ax\u00eatylen.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.13\u00a0<\/b>M\u1edf van b\u00ecnh ax\u00eatylen, chai \u00f4xy v\u00e0 l\u1eafp c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.14\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i, th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y d\u1eabn kh\u00ed m\u1ecf h\u00e0n, chai h\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh sinh kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.15\u00a0<\/b>Khi m\u1ed3i l\u1eeda ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf van \u00f4xy tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i m\u1edf van ax\u00eatylen sau. Khi ng\u1eebng h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng van ax\u00eatylen tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00f3ng van \u00f4xy sau.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.16\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111ang l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.17\u00a0<\/b>Khi h\u00e0n n\u1ebfu m\u1ecf h\u00e0n b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y th\u00e9p c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.9.3.18\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ax\u00eatylen c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u00f4xy ho\u1eb7c xi\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u0169 \u1ed1c \u1edf b\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c khi kim \u00e1p k\u1ebf ch\u01b0a ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 0.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u1edf c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.1\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh tia l\u1eeda \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y. T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o \u201cC\u1ea5m l\u1eeda\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch axit v\u00e0 c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch baz\u01a1 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3i ra theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.3\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb \u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i k\u00ea b\u1ee5c g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.4\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong x\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,8 m. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec v\u1eadt g\u00ec g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.5\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7u thang v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i. \u0110\u00e8n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed sao cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng qu\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.6\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thao t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.7\u00a0<\/b>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m sao cho khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.8\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 khi ch\u01b0a l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.9\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u00e1y truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111ai truy\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1o \u0111ai truy\u1ec1n ra kh\u1ecfi b\u00e1nh xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.10\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eafp tr\u00ean cao, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c r\u1ed9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,9 m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cao 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.11\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u1eafp \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.12\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tra d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0o m\u00e1y khi m\u00e1y \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.13\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o m\u00e1y trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c, d\u00f9 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi lau m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c tra d\u1ea7u, m\u1ee1 v\u00e0o m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.14\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng m\u00e1y l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt gia c\u00f4ng ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1y n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u1eadt ra ngo\u00e0i khi m\u00e1y \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.15\u00a0<\/b>Khi gia c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 c\u00e1c phoi kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c tia l\u1eeda b\u1eafn ra, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1edbi che ch\u1eafn. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c trang b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 theo \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.16\u00a0<\/b>\u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 sinh b\u1ee5i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00fat b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee5i kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.17\u00a0<\/b>Khi m\u00e1y \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.18\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o ngay cho th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u00fd s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.10.19\u00a0<\/b>Khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, ph\u1ea3i t\u1eaft m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1y sau khi \u0111\u00e3 lau ch\u00f9i s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi tum, ma t\u00edt v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1 Bi tum, ma t\u00edt<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1 \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1.1\u00a0<\/b>N\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u1ea5u bi tum, ma t\u00edt, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch xa c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 50 m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1.2\u00a0<\/b>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf, \u0111un n\u00f3ng bi tum, ma t\u00edt ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1eafp l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 bi tum, ma t\u00edt v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 3\/4 dung t\u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u00f9ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y bi tum \u1edf th\u00f9ng ra n\u1ea5u, ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadt nghi\u00eang th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho n\u01b0\u1edbc tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Bi tum cho v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u1ea5u bi tum, ma t\u00edt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 bi tum \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng bi tum n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng (d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa, d\u1ea7u maz\u00fat&#8230;) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111un n\u00f3ng bi tum l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m m\u00e1i, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00f2 n\u1ea5u tr\u00ean m\u00e1i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1ea7n pha bi tum v\u1edbi x\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi pha ch\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 bi tum t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0o x\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u, khu\u1ea5y nh\u1eb9 b\u1eb1ng thanh g\u1ed7. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 x\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u v\u00e0o bi tum n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a bi tum trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh pha ch\u1ebf h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a dung m\u00f4i pha ch\u1ebf \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 30<sup>o<\/sup>C;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u01a1i pha ch\u1ebf bi tum ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch xa ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tr\u1ea7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 20 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.2 V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.2.1\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u00fac, ch\u1ee9a bi tum, ma t\u00edt n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng g\u00e1o c\u00f3 c\u00e1n d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00fac bi tum, ma t\u00edt n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, bi tum, ma t\u00edt n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n bi tum, ma t\u00edt n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ef1ng qu\u00e1 3\/4 dung t\u00edch th\u00f9ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng bi tum, ma t\u00edt ch\u1ea3y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.1.2.3\u00a0<\/b>V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng bi tum n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00ean cao ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2 L\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi r\u1ea3i bi tum, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i gi\u1eadt l\u00f9i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i mang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c trang b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9: kh\u1ea9u trang, g\u0103ng tay, \u1ee7ng cao su. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang r\u1ea3i bi tum.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi r\u1ea3i bi tum tr\u00ean m\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng bi tum n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p h\u01a1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00fat b\u1ecbt l\u1ea1i th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i treo bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.4\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1eb7t l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ngay tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang, ho\u1eb7c sau khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh theo nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1n, bi tum n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn, gi\u1ebfng, h\u00e0o&#8230;, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1, k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 xoa d\u1ea7u, cao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n h\u1edf tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khi c\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly b\u1eb1ng b\u00f4ng kho\u00e1ng, b\u00f4ng th\u1ee7y tinh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9, g\u0103ng tay, kh\u1ea9u trang. Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i k\u00edn c\u00fac c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tay \u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.11.2.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch ly b\u1eb1ng b\u00f4ng th\u1ee7y tinh g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o theo h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn ng\u1ea7m (d\u00e2y c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1eabn h\u01a1i&#8230;), ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u1eed c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 g\u00e2y va m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 x\u00e0 beng, cu\u1ed1c chim, cho\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ee5c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng kh\u00ed \u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn ng\u1ea7m. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn ng\u1ea7m l\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c v\u1eadt tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 bom, \u0111\u1ea1n, m\u00ecn&#8230; l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng thi c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (d\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 trang b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u01a1i, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ng\u1eebng thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed h\u1ebft h\u01a1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.7\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o&#8230; g\u1ea7n l\u1ed1i \u0111i, tuy\u1ebfn giao th\u00f4ng, trong khu v\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o, ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u. R\u00e0o ng\u0103n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u00edt h\u01a1n 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecdng (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi m\u01b0a to) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o l\u00e0m s\u1ee5t l\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Trong khi \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i b\u01a1m h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t l\u1edf.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m cao h\u01a1n cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1y m\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea9y tr\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng (h\u1ea1 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng \u2026).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.9\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o th\u1eb3ng v\u00e1ch (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e1ch) v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 1 m v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed1c b\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 2 m v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng x\u00e0 beng, cu\u1ed1c chim, cho\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i 2.12.1.9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.11\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean hay ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n b\u1ecb ng\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 \u1ea9m hay b\u00e3o h\u00f2a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2026, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i v\u00e1ch h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o, m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, s\u1ee5t l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t, s\u1eadp v\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd (gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang d\u1ed1c, t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t, gia c\u01b0\u1eddng thanh ch\u1ed1ng \u2026).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e1ch, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng sai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0: x\u1ebfp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o, \u0111\u1eb7t xe m\u00e1y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng go\u00f2ng; di chuy\u1ec3n xe c\u1ed9, d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8230; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang n\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o theo ki\u1ec3u &#8220;h\u00e0m \u1ebfch&#8221;. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng thi c\u00f4ng ngay v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf &#8220;h\u00e0m \u1ebfch&#8221; ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.14\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e1ch h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o, m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc theo v\u00e1ch h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng thi c\u00f4ng ngay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n. Sau khi c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.15\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o trong ph\u1ea1m vi ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a xe m\u00e1y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.16\u00a0<\/b>Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e0o g\u1ed1c an to\u00e0n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m. D\u00f9ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e0o g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ee9t d\u00e2y k\u00e9o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.17\u00a0<\/b>D\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m, m\u00f3ng nh\u00e0 c\u0169 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u01a1i kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 r\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i QCVN 02: 2008\/BCT.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.18\u00a0<\/b>L\u1ed1i l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m b\u1eadc d\u00e0i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,7 m r\u1ed9ng 0,4 m. Khi h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 s\u00e2u, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ef1a. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thanh ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed1ng tay l\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.1.19\u00a0<\/b>L\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea7u, th\u00f9ng&#8230; t\u1eeb h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 g\u1ea7u, th\u00f9ng&#8230; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p (\u00e2m thanh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.. ) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.2 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.2.1\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12.1.8, 2.12.1.9 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c (n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e1ch) theo c\u00e1c g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00e1c tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u1edf B\u1ea3ng 5.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 5 &#8211; G\u00f3c nghi\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\" width=\"127\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"6\" width=\"552\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"182\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u00cdt \u1ea9m (kh\u00f4)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"182\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u1ea8m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"188\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u01af\u1edbt<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>G\u00f3c gi\u1eefa m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang, (<sup>o<\/sup>)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>G\u00f3c gi\u1eefa m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang, (<sup>o<\/sup>)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>G\u00f3c gi\u1eefa m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang, (<sup>o<\/sup>)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">S\u1ecfi, cu\u1ed9i<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">C\u00e1t h\u1ea1t to<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 2,15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">C\u00e1t h\u1ea1t trung<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 2,15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">C\u00e1t h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 2,15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 2,77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">S\u00e9t pha<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 0,84<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">\u0110\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 2,15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">\u0110\u1ea5t than b\u00f9n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 1,20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"89\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 2,15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"92\">\n<p align=\"center\">15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\">1: 3,75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>2.12.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t, c\u00e1t pha b\u00e3o h\u00f2a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.2.3\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 3 m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1: 1 ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1: 2 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ecdc neo gi\u1eef ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.3 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12.2.1 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf B\u1ea3ng 6.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 6 &#8211; H\u1ec7 thanh ch\u1ed1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"506\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Ki\u1ebfu ch\u1ed1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u00e0o s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn 3 m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"188\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u00e0o s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 3 5 m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"164\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u00e0o s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 5 m tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trung b\u00ecnh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ed1ng ngang c\u00e1ch qu\u00e3ng 2 t\u1ea5m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"188\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ed1ng ngang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (kh\u00edt)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"164\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ed1ng theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao, \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eddi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"154\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ed1ng ngang ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (kh\u00edt)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"188\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"164\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ed1ng theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"181\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"342\">\n<p align=\"center\">\u0110\u00f3ng v\u00e1n c\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 0,75 m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"164\">\n<p align=\"center\">Ch\u1ed1ng theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>2.12.3.2\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.3.3\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o \u1edf n\u01a1i \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t l\u1edf, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng v\u00e1n gh\u00e9p kh\u00edt v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 0,75 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.3.4\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e1n ch\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang, trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1 v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.3.5\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o ngay c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea5p ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1 v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean quan s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.3.6\u00a0<\/b>N\u1ebfu thu h\u1ed3i thanh ch\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t l\u1edf ho\u1eb7c \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e1ch h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1o t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thanh ch\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12.2.1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.4 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.4.1\u00a0<\/b>D\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1c, x\u1ebbng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u00ec d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.5. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12.1.5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.4.2\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,5 m. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed5 l\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 45<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang. Khi \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i, n\u00fai ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1 l\u0103n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd theo m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.4.3\u00a0<\/b>C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e1ch h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m b\u1eadc l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12.1.8, 2.12.1.11, 2.12.1.18.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.4.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o s\u00e2u h\u01a1n 2 m ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00e1ch xa nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.4.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng trong khi \u0111ang c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t khoang m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i, l\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.4.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ed3i ngh\u1ec9 \u1edf c\u1ea1nh h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafp.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y x\u00fac<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Trong th\u1eddi gian m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.2\u00a0<\/b>N\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. N\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i l\u00e1t t\u00e0 v\u1eb9t, xe ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u1eadt k\u00ea ch\u00e8n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y x\u00fac, ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung t\u1ea1i 2.6 (ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n, phanh h\u00e3m, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, \u00e2m thanh, cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i, b\u00e0n giao t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y sau m\u1ed7i ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y x\u00fac khi g\u1ea7u x\u00fac \u0111ang mang t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh phanh, khi g\u1ea7u x\u00fac \u0111ang mang t\u1ea3i hay \u0111ang quay g\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e3m phanh \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y x\u00fac ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111ang d\u00f9ng tay \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e2y c\u00e1p. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng tay \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafn th\u1eb3ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p khi \u0111ang d\u00f9ng t\u1eddi qu\u1ea5n c\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y c\u00e1p. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y x\u00fac ra kh\u1ecfi g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 g\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch g\u1ea7u x\u00fac, khi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 g\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.9\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho m\u00e1y x\u00fac l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c l\u00fac c\u00f3 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa cabin m\u00e1y x\u00fac ngo\u1ea1m 1 g\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.11\u00a0<\/b>Khi di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y x\u00fac tr\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 15<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y k\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c t\u1eddi. Khi di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea7u x\u00fac mang t\u1ea3i; g\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ecdc theo h\u01b0\u1edbng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1 c\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 0,5 m \u0111\u1ebfn 0,9 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n g\u1ea7u x\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng xe \u00f4t\u00f4, ph\u1ea3i quay g\u1ea7u qua ph\u00eda sau th\u00f9ng xe v\u00e0 d\u1eebng g\u1ea7u \u1edf gi\u1eefa th\u00f9ng xe. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1 g\u1ea7u t\u1eeb t\u1eeb xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n g\u1ea7u x\u00fac qua bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i. L\u00e1i xe kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ed3i trong bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i khi m\u00e1y x\u00fac \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.2 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u1ee7i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u1ee7i, ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi m\u00e1y t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y \u1ee7i \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 30<sup>o<\/sup>. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f2 ben ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e9p h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o (khi \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.2.3\u00a0<\/b>C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e1i m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi m\u00e1y di chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i quan s\u00e1t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 ben tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u gi\u1eefa hai m\u00e1y \u1ee7i (t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u00ean g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai m\u00e1y) c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 2 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y c\u1ea1p<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.1\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y c\u1ea1p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,5 m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y c\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c h\u01a1n 30<sup>o<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf th\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ra khi m\u00e1y \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi m\u00e1y \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa th\u00f9ng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00e9o, \u0111i qua b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u1ed1i th\u00f9ng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00e9o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y c\u1ea1p ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 th\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,35 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi m\u00e1y \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, tra d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1o th\u00f9ng xe ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00e9o khi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00f9ng xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.5.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0: m\u00e1y x\u00fac, m\u00e1y \u1ee7i, m\u00e1y c\u1ea1p \u2026, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.6 \u0110\u00e0o gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 h\u1ed1 th\u0103m d\u00f2<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.6.1\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 th\u0103m d\u00f2 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12.1.9, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.6.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 th\u0103m d\u00f2 ph\u1ea3i theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u00eda tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e9p che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y k\u00e9o. Khi chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o l\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed1;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y qu\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng th\u00f9ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che ch\u1eafn;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong gi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 h\u1ed1 th\u0103m d\u00f2 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 02 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u00ean nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.6.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh ra tia l\u1eeda trong h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.6.4\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9ng n\u00e2ng. D\u00e2y k\u00e9o ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng 9 l\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef d\u00e2y k\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 6 v\u00f2ng tang t\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1eddi quay ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.6.5\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 h\u01a1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eed h\u1ebft h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.6.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00f9ng th\u00f9ng n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong gi\u1ebfng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o th\u0103m d\u00f2, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng t\u1eddi tay v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 1 m\/s, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. T\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e3m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 trong 1 ca ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eddi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7 \u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.1\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp s\u00fang phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u00e3m \u1edf ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00fang phun n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00f4ng coi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ebfch xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00fang phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.5\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem x\u00e9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1m b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00fang phun.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.6\u00a0<\/b>Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00fang phun ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o C\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.7\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho s\u00fang phun ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c van. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ph\u1ea1m vi kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 10 m t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u00fang phun n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 van \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eebng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.8\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.9\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay v\u00f2i phun, xi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 n\u1ed1i, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a s\u00fang phun sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.10\u00a0<\/b>Ban \u0111\u00eam trong ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00fang phun ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.11\u00a0<\/b>C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u00fang phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf tr\u1ea1m b\u01a1m ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.12\u00a0<\/b>Trong ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00fang phun, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf \u0111i qua, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng, tia n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o d\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.13\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.14\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn b\u00f9n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; hai b\u00ean m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c r\u1ed9ng 0,7 m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cao 1,0 m. Ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch r\u1ed1n thu b\u00f9n khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eaft s\u00fang phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00fat b\u00f9n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.15\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 xe c\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i qua l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn b\u00f9n v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.16\u00a0<\/b>M\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1eabn b\u00f9n v\u00e0 h\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9a b\u00f9n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.12.7.17\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i: b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u1ea1m b\u01a1m; \u0111\u00f3ng van \u1edf s\u00fang phun; h\u00fat h\u1ebft b\u00f9n v\u00e0o n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u00f3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 gi\u1ebfng ch\u00ecm<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.1 Thi c\u00f4ng m\u00f3ng n\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c n\u00e9m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (g\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1&#8230;) t\u1eeb tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1. Ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng; \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 0,5 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.1.2\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u1ea1i, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng l\u0103ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ee5t l\u1edf c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi c\u00f4ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng m\u00f3ng, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ee5t l\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng r\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.1.4\u00a0<\/b>L\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thang chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111u, nh\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 v\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.1.5\u00a0<\/b>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng 1 m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u00e1n ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2 Thi c\u00f4ng m\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.1\u00a0<\/b>D\u00e2y c\u00e1p d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o c\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 6 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 4 khi k\u00e9o b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ef1ng c\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111ang d\u1ef1ng c\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u cao th\u00e1p c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 2 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o c\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p lu\u1ed3n qua r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng khi c\u00e1c r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebf m\u00e1y theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ecdc n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i c\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u00faa ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 b\u00faa s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ecdc. Khi ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng b\u00faa c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0,3 m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef b\u00faa b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a c\u1ecdc b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba m\u1ea3nh b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u0103ng b\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng c\u1ecdc nh\u1ed3i:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ecdc khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u1ea5p 5;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady l\u1ed7 khi ng\u1eebng khoan;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ed1 c\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng: ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u1ed7 khoan c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1,0 m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nguy hi\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh g\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng \u00e9p c\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng, ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n trong s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng c\u1ecdc, h\u00e0n n\u1ed1i c\u1ecdc, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t c\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean gi\u00e1 m\u00e1y \u00e9p c\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo gi\u1eef trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.2.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng gi\u1ebfng c\u00e1t, b\u1ea5c th\u1ea5m<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; L\u1edbp san t\u1ea1o m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng. Khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed t\u1ea3i n\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y x\u00fac ho\u1eb7c xe ben ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ea3i;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng th\u00ec n\u00ean b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch nhau m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.3 H\u1ea1 gi\u1ebfng ch\u00ecm<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi ch\u1ea5t th\u00eam t\u1ea3i l\u00ean th\u00e0nh gi\u1ebfng, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ebfng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0nh gi\u1ebfng qu\u00e1 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ebfng, c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tho\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t l\u1edf b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 2 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y b\u01a1m tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf c\u00e1c gi\u1ebfng (m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ebfng, khi g\u1ea7u ngo\u1ea1m l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t ra kh\u1ecfi gi\u1ebfng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ebfng, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 che ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ea5t ra kh\u1ecfi gi\u1ebfng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f9ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng ng\u0103n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00f2ng gi\u1ebfng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 che ch\u1eafn ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.13.3.6\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ea7u c\u1ea1n, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn v\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8 v\u00e0 2.17.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14 Thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m l\u00f2.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u: thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ee7y v\u0103n, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u0169 trong khu v\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nghi\u1ec7m thu c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thi c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang thi c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i thi c\u00f4ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u0111o ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n theo \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1.6\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 thi c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n trong khi thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u h\u1ea7m l\u00f2 chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch (ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch), trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c, c\u1ee9u s\u1eadp, ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2 An to\u00e0n khi thi c\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra, v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau m\u1ed7i ca. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i ca, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ghi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0o s\u1ed5 giao ca.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t ca l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1edf v\u00e0o t\u1edbi g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang thi c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n. L\u1ea5y h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ee7y v\u0103n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi c\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3a van \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean quan s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng ngay c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.7\u00a0<\/b>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1t sinh ho\u1eb7c nghi ng\u1edd c\u00f3 kh\u00ed m\u00ea-tan, kh\u00ed c\u00e1c-b\u00f4-nic ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111o ki\u1ec3m tra x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ph\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, n\u1ed5 kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.8\u00a0<\/b>Khoan b\u1eafn m\u00ecn trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 QCVN 02: 2008\/BCT.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edf c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.10\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng thanh ch\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam c\u00e1c thanh ch\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.11\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u1ea5y thanh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o t\u1eebng thanh m\u1ed9t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i gia c\u1ed1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c thanh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau thanh b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. \u1ede c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1o khi thay thanh ch\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00f2 b\u1ecb n\u00e9n, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed5i theo g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00eda trong (t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 v\u00e0o g\u01b0\u01a1ng). \u1ede c\u00e1c ng\u00e3 ba c\u00f3 nh\u00e1nh h\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1o, khi ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch ng\u00e3 ba 5 m, ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng ngay m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1o. S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u00f2 d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 25<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.12\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e0o v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9ng, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Trong kh\u1ecfang t\u1eeb g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00f2 gi\u1ebfng t\u1edbi thanh ch\u1ed1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thanh ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1 r\u1eafn, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec thanh ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00f2 qu\u00e1 1 m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e0n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n v\u1eadt r\u01a1i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1y gi\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 4,0 m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb m\u00e9p s\u00e0n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh thanh ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 0,5 m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi di chuy\u1ec3n s\u00e0n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean h\u1ebft tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n s\u00e0n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c treo trong gi\u1ebfng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00e0n treo, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u00e1i \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean s\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eafn m\u00ecn, s\u00e0n treo ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o l\u00ean cao c\u00e1ch g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 15 m \u0111\u1ebfn 30 m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng th\u00f9ng treo \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u00ec c\u1eeda ch\u1eafn mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf khi th\u00f9ng \u0111i qua. C\u00e1nh c\u1eeda ph\u1ea3i k\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.13\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u00e2y gi\u1ebfng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1, g\u1ea1ch hay \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u1ecfang tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh gi\u1ebfng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8n k\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.14\u00a0<\/b>Xung quanh mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn cao t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 2,5 m, ph\u00eda ra v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1eeda s\u1eaft. Khi ng\u1eebng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng kh\u00f3a c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea7ng \u1edf l\u00f2 gi\u1ebfng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1eeda s\u1eaft hay ch\u1eafn song s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.15\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng khi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a khi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0o khi \u0111\u01b0a xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 khi l\u1eafp, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo hi\u1ec7u l\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e1i \u0111ua c\u1ee7a khi\u00ean;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n khi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00f2m ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.2.16\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb1m ngang:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1,2 m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 7 m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho s\u1ef1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 4 m<sup>3<\/sup>\/min;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng khi \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c hai chi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3 \u0110i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.1\u00a0<\/b>\u1ede m\u1ed7i c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i quy quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n an to\u00e0n trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n trong khai th\u00e1c h\u1ea7m l\u00f2 m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 phi qu\u1eb7ng. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u gia c\u1ed1 mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng d\u1eabn xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cao h\u01a1n mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,5 m. C\u1eeda gi\u1ebfng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1eadt g\u00ec l\u00ean n\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c xung quanh mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng trong ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,5 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c l\u1ed1i r\u1ebd trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o, m\u0169i t\u00ean ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0o k\u00edn, \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf. C\u00e1c h\u1ed1 r\u00e3nh s\u00e2u tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eady ho\u1eb7c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi qua l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng t\u1eddi tr\u1ee5c, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111i sau khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u00e1ng ch\u1eafn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eddi tr\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.5\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m th\u00f4ng qua gi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9ng, gi\u1ebfng nghi\u00eang, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i quy quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 b\u1eadc thang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u00f9y theo \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi 45<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tay v\u1ecbn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 45<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang l\u1ed3ng, thang c\u00f3 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c thang m\u00e1y;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea1i gi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a thang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 80<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 8 m cao ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e0n ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean thang, c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 b\u00faa, k\u00ecm&#8230;, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ef1ng trong t\u00fai \u0111eo ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ea1i r\u1ed9ng:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t 0,7 m (t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1edbi m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a v\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe go\u00f2ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t 1,5 m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i qua gi\u1eefa hai xe \u0111\u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n nhau, tr\u00e8o qua \u0111o\u00e0n xe ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean t\u0103m &#8211; p\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a xe go\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.9\u00a0<\/b>M\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.10\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thang m\u00e1y. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng xe sk\u00edp ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.11\u00a0<\/b>V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng go\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng go\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 7 %;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a xe go\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea9y tay kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 4,0 km\/h;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a go\u00f2ng k\u00e9o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 3,6 km\/h;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi \u0111\u1ea9y xe go\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e3m ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o go\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.12\u00a0<\/b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eddi k\u00e9o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean khung v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u li\u00ean l\u1ea1c b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u khi t\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecdc hai b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p t\u1eddi khi t\u1eddi \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.13\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o m\u00f3c c\u00e1p khi \u0111o\u00e0n xe ch\u01b0a d\u1eebng h\u1eb3n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai toa xe \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1o, n\u1ed1i hai toa xe.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.3.14\u00a0<\/b>V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng \u00f4t\u00f4, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.4 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 xe kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 5 km\/h;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf tr\u00ean th\u00f9ng xe, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ca bin xe;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Phanh, c\u00f2i, \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o&#8230; c\u1ee7a xe ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed7 xe \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u1ec9 \u1edf trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng xe ch\u1ea1y x\u0103ng trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.1\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u01a1-le t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. Ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u01a1-le r\u00f2.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.3\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 ghi r\u00f5 m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ph\u1ea3i ghi r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.4\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 h\u01a1i kh\u00ed, b\u1ee5i, n\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng n\u1ed5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.5\u00a0<\/b>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc, c\u1ea7u dao \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, an to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.6\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e8n pha d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng k\u00ednh m\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.7\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7u thang l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.8\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.9\u00a0<\/b>D\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1p c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 v\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 d\u00e2y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 d\u00e2y di \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1p m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i treo cao tr\u00e1nh va ch\u1ea1m g\u00e2y h\u1ecfng c\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.10\u00a0<\/b>\u0110i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 127 V. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8n hu\u1ef3nh quang c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 220V.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.11\u00a0<\/b>M\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 di \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 36 V n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 12 V n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y tr\u1ea7n. Trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed m\u00ea-tan hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m b\u1ee5i n\u1ed5, cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 24 V tr\u00ean d\u00e2y tr\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.4.12\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u1edf trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5 Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.1\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e2u qu\u00e1 10 m, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.2\u00a0<\/b>Vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u00f4xy trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 20 % th\u1ec3 t\u00edch;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ea7n cho s\u1ef1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 4 m<sup>3<\/sup>\/min;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 30<sup>o<\/sup>C.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.3\u00a0<\/b>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p cho qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 ch\u00ednh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb hai ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.4\u00a0<\/b>Qu\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u gi\u00f3 trong v\u00f2ng 10 min khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o 60 % l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 so v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 kh\u00ed m\u00ea-tan th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 qu\u1ea1t d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.5\u00a0<\/b>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c, kh\u00ed m\u00ea-tan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 theo \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng ngay c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat ra n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n. Ch\u1ec9 khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd xong, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.7\u00a0<\/b>Khoan \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khoan \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.8\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9c d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.9\u00a0<\/b>L\u1ed1i v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1eeba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u01b0a d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.14.5.10\u00a0<\/b>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong kho ch\u1ee9a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 sinh b\u1ee5i (xi m\u0103ng, v\u00f4i, th\u1ea1ch cao&#8230;) v\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eadp, m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n, m\u00e1y s\u00e0ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.1.2\u00a0<\/b>B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00edt t\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 che ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e9p. Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng b\u1ee5i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.2 H\u1ed1 v\u00f4i, t\u00f4i v\u00f4i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi t\u00f4i v\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00f4i c\u1ee5c ng\u1eadp qu\u00e1 1\/3 chi\u1ec1u cao h\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9ng t\u00f4i. Xung quanh h\u1ed1 t\u00f4i v\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o; n\u01a1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ea1i ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u. H\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 50 cm, cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 80 cm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hai thanh ngang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u0103n gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi r\u01a1i ng\u00e3. C\u1ecdc r\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n s\u00e2u v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m h\u1ed1 v\u00f4i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c xe c\u1ed9 qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1ea5y v\u00f4i t\u1eeb h\u1ed1 l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y v\u00f4i l\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng tay; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 v\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.3 Tr\u1ed9n v\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u00f9ng tr\u1ed9n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 ben xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng x\u1ebbng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y v\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00f9ng tr\u1ed9n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia cho v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ecfng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn) c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.4 V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.4.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe \u0111\u1ea9y tay, m\u00e1y tr\u1ee5c, m\u00e1y n\u00e2ng ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.4 v\u00e0 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.4.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng 3 km\/h. Hai b\u00ean c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i \u0111i r\u1ed9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng 1,2 m v\u00e0 ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 lan can cao 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.4.3\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o v\u1eefa b\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u1eeb khi g\u1ea7u ben \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng h\u1eb3n. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y g\u1ea7u ben \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1 m. N\u1ebfu l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1 m th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.4.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m v\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.4.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7u, ben \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eefa b\u00ea t\u00f4ng khi n\u1eafp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eady kh\u00edt ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn treo m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.15.4.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea7u, ben ch\u1ee9a v\u1eefa b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra xa v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.1 X\u00e2y m\u00f3ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng. Trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee5t l\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c b\u1eadc l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. Khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u00e1ng, r\u00e3nh c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9ng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ef1ng trong th\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh th\u00f9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,1 m. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u00e1t mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed1, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, n\u1ebfu h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i b\u01a1m h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng trong th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i lao.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed1 m\u00f3ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u tr\u00ean 2 m ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2y m\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3i, n\u00fai l\u00fac m\u01b0a to ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng ngay c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2 X\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u00e2y t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00e1ch n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng 1,5 m ph\u1ea3i b\u1eafc gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 2 m ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec3n. B\u00e0n n\u00e2ng g\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ed5 khi n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y th\u00ec b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t r\u00e0o ng\u0103n ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o c\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng 1,5 m n\u1ebfu x\u00e2y \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 7 m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng 2 m n\u1ebfu x\u00e2y \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 7 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p: \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y; \u0110i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u1edd t\u01b0\u1eddng; \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1i h\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y; T\u1ef1a thang v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng; \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang x\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 hai t\u1ea7ng khi t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 d\u1ea7m s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0n t\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u00e2y, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u01b0a to, gi\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u00f3 c\u1ea5p 6 tr\u1edf l\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i che \u0111\u1eady, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb x\u00f3i l\u1edf ho\u1eb7c s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u00e2y xong tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i, v\u1ec1 m\u00f9a m\u01b0a b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u00e1i che ngay.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eeba x\u00e2y v\u1eeba c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u1ed1p, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eebng x\u00e2y khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 cao m\u00e9p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u1ed1p \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.10\u00a0<\/b>X\u00e2y c\u00e1c m\u00e1i h\u1eaft nh\u00f4 ra kh\u1ecfi t\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 20 cm ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 con-xon. Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 con-xon ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i h\u1eaft 30 cm. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 con-xon khi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1i h\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.11\u00a0<\/b>X\u00e2y v\u00f2m c\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng ri\u00eang. Th\u00e1o v\u00e1n khu\u00f4n v\u00f2m ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.19.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.2.12\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1 x\u00e2y trong khu v\u1ef1c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 3 m th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u00e1c v\u00e1ch che b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.3 X\u00e2y \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.3.1\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang thi c\u00f4ng \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, trong ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh 10 m t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ch\u00e2n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o. L\u1ed1i ra v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u00e1i che v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i th\u00eam c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e2ng t\u1ea3i, ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e2y th\u00e2n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y n\u00e2ng t\u1ea3i trong thi c\u00f4ng \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, thang c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thi c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c thang s\u1eaft ch\u00f4n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o th\u00e2n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 25 cm, ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Xung quanh th\u00e2n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 cao 3 m, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi che ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 m. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m s\u00e0n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng v\u00e1n g\u1ed7, g\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 4 cm. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u1ea3i \u0111an b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 3 mm c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u01b0\u1edbi 20 x 20 mm. S\u00e0n (ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng 15<sup>o<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng b\u00ean trong th\u00e2n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.3.6\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thu d\u1ecdn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1eeba v\u00e0 r\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.4 X\u00e2y l\u00f2<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.4.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u00e2y l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o khung treo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8. Gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y \u1edf m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 5 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.4.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 2 m, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y n\u00e2ng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ed1c, x\u1ebfp \u1edf b\u00e0n n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y n\u00e2ng \u1edf b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.4.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh h\u01a1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i (g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c l\u00f2 cao, th\u00e1p r\u1eeda&#8230;) ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda van, kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00f3i tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i treo bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.4.4\u00a0<\/b>D\u00f9ng m\u00e1y m\u00e0i g\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.4.5\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.15.2.2.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.16.4.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed l\u00f2, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ecdc kh\u00ed ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Khi l\u00e0m g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed l\u00f2, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh gi\u00f3 l\u00f9a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ed1p pha, c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1 Gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed1p pha<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.1\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ed1p pha d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng theo \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1p pha c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed1p pha c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.3\u00a0<\/b>D\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp c\u1ed1p pha \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 6 m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng thao t\u00e1c; \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 6 m ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c. D\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp c\u1ed1p pha treo ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1p pha t\u1ef1 mang \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n 8 m th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i giao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.4\u00a0<\/b>D\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp c\u1ed1p pha cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00f2m v\u00e0 v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb c\u1ed1p pha \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1,5 m. \u1ede v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ed1p pha nghi\u00eang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng b\u1eadc c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 40 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Khu\u00f4n treo ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n treo v\u00e0o khung sau khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a khung \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u1ed1p pha.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1p pha, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha l\u00ean chi\u1ebfu ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u thang, ban c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t d\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i c\u1ea1nh l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00eang khi ch\u01b0a gi\u1eb1ng n\u00e9o ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ed1p pha, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ngay. Khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2 C\u1ed1p pha t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.1\u00a0<\/b>L\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp c\u1ed1p pha c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1,5 m ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thang chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed1p pha t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng th\u00ec c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng \u00e2m thanh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ed1p pha t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c con-xon chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c&#8230; khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u1ea5c v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u t\u1eeb 2 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn tr\u1edf l\u00ean, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u1ecfang tr\u1ed1ng d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7u thang v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu ngh\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0o ng\u0103n b\u1eb1ng lan can.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5c v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m khu\u00f4n t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng 12 m<sup>2\u00a0<\/sup>khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng 10 m\/s v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 12 m<sup>2\u00a0<\/sup>khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng 7,5 m\/s.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.7\u00a0<\/b>Trong khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<p>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e2ng, di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u1ed1p pha.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.2.8\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m khu\u00f4n t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p xong c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn khi ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3 C\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, c\u1ed1p pha leo<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Khu v\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, c\u1ed1p pha leo ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.2\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, c\u1ed1p pha leo v\u00e0 gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o treo ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u00fang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, c\u1ed1p pha leo ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00f3c bu\u1ed9c (tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng (tr\u01b0\u1ee3t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c).<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf tr\u00ean cao v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u00ean s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i ghi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.6\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00e3i ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.7\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi c\u00f4ng c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ra l\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e8o l\u00ean s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. Vi\u1ec7c qua l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1p pha v\u00e0nh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,8 m. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa hai s\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Sau khi l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eady l\u1ed7 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.3.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 r\u1ed7ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed1p pha tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, th\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u00e0n gia c\u1ed1 ngang \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed d\u00edch d\u1eafc, n\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4 Gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.1\u00a0<\/b>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u00f4i v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ri\u00eang, xung quanh c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u1eaft, u\u1ed1n, k\u00e9o c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.10. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba th\u00e9p v\u0103ng khi c\u1eaft c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.3\u00a0<\/b>B\u00e0n gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 20 mm. N\u1ebfu b\u00e0n gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf hai ph\u00eda, th\u00ec \u1edf gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e9p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi n\u1eafn th\u1eb3ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p tr\u00f2n cu\u1ed9n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i: Che ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m \u1edf tr\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1edf m\u00e1y; H\u00e3m \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 khi \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9n; R\u00e0o ng\u0103n hai b\u00ean s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb tr\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ebfn tang c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.5\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch tang c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u1eeb 1,5 m \u0111\u1ebfn 2 m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0,5 m, xung quanh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn. Gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9n v\u00e0 tang c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y th\u00e9p \u0111ang th\u00e1o. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p v\u00e0o m\u00e1y khi m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.6\u00a0<\/b>N\u1eafn th\u1eb3ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng t\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u1eddi quay tay ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p tu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 v\u0103ng v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ea7u c\u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u1eddi k\u00e9o n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01a1i th\u00e9p c\u1ea7n n\u1eafn th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bu\u1ed9c. D\u00e2y c\u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p khi k\u00e9o ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong r\u00e3nh che ch\u1eafn. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p v\u00e0o d\u00e2y c\u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u1eddi k\u00e9o khi t\u1eddi k\u00e9o ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.7\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e9p ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n 80 cm n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.8\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p u\u1ed1n tr\u00ean b\u00e0n m\u00e1y khi \u0111\u0129a quay ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.9\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1n th\u1eb3ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00e9o c\u0103ng ch\u00fang t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.10\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng k\u00e9o tay khi c\u1eaft c\u00e1c thanh th\u00e9p c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 30 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.11\u00a0<\/b>D\u00e0n c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed1p pha cho ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.12\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p cho c\u00e1c khung \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u1ea7m, x\u00e0, c\u1ed9t, t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.13\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1edbi khung c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, m\u1ed1i bu\u1ed9c. Khi c\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n th\u00e9p th\u1eeba \u1edf tr\u00ean cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.14\u00a0<\/b>L\u1ed1i qua l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khung c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i l\u00f3t v\u00e1n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 40 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.15\u00a0<\/b>H\u00e0n c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p v\u00e0o khung v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi; h\u00e0n th\u00e9p ch\u1edd&#8230; ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.16\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p l\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00e1n khu\u00f4n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.4.17\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.5 C\u1ed1t th\u00e9p \u1ee9ng l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.5.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00e9o c\u00e1c thanh ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3 c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p \u1ee9ng l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u01a1m k\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. C\u00e1c thanh c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p k\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1ebft c\u1eaft, g\u1ea5p kh\u00fac, xo\u1eafn, g\u1eaby.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.5.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi k\u00e9o c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n cao \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1,5 m \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ec7 k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u00e9o, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p. Khi k\u00e9o c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6 \u0110\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1p pha, c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.2\u00a0<\/b>Thi c\u00f4ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang t\u1eeb 30<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>tr\u1edf l\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00e2y neo bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.3\u00a0<\/b>Thi c\u00f4ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u1edf h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.4\u00a0<\/b>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7m rung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7m v\u1eefa b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n: N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea7m rung; D\u00f9ng d\u00e2y b\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7m. Ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea7m rung t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 min, sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 35 min. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u1ee7ng cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.5\u00a0<\/b>Thi c\u00f4ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 1,5 m, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2i voi c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ed1p pha ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.6\u00a0<\/b>D\u00f9ng v\u00f2i rung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1eefa b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i: C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi v\u00f2i; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i voi khi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.7\u00a0<\/b>L\u1ed1i qua l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m che \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean l\u1ed1i qua l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.6.8\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf s\u00e0n r\u00f3t v\u1eefa b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 th\u00e1o m\u00f3c g\u1ea7u ben ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 g\u0103ng tay, \u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.7 B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.7.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea1nh c\u1ed1p pha. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111ang b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.7.2\u00a0<\/b>B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.8 Th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u1ed1p pha<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.8.1\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha khi b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.8.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha ph\u1ea3i theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ed1p pha ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. N\u01a1i th\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.8.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha ph\u1ea3i thu g\u1ecdn h\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1eeba v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eafp th\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.8.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha, ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean quan s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng th\u00e1o v\u00e0 b\u00e1o ngay cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.8.5\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi th\u00e1o c\u1ed1p pha ph\u1ea3i che ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1p pha \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1o l\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c n\u00e9m c\u1ed1p pha t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng. C\u1ed1p pha sau khi th\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ed5 \u0111inh, b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa gia c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o n\u01a1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.17.8.6\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u1ed1p pha \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khoang b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00eau trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.1\u00a0<\/b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.2\u00a0<\/b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u01a1i n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed c\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7, h\u00e0n,&#8230; trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp tr\u00ean cao ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111ang l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.5\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khi bu\u1ed9c m\u00f3c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5, xoay tr\u01b0\u1ee3t khi x\u1ebfp d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.6\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c khuy\u00ean t\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 treo m\u00f3c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u1eaby, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng khi n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.7\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn bu\u1ed9c m\u00f3c chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch treo bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1ee3t r\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xoay l\u1eadt khi n\u00e2ng chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e9o h\u00e3m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.9\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea9u l\u1eafp d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng sinh ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea9u l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng c\u1ea9u l\u1eafp khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.11\u00a0<\/b>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea9u l\u1eafp, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng, b\u00e1m tr\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n \u0111i qua ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi bu\u1ed9c m\u00f3c, ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng t\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 cao 20 cm r\u1ed3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i treo ch\u01b0a c\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i cho h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea3i khi t\u1ea3i \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u1eadt c\u1ea9u \u1edf tr\u00ean cao ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n. D\u00e2y an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i m\u00f3c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c m\u00f3c v\u00e0o d\u00e2y tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.14\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi tay \u0111\u00f3n, k\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c xoay v\u1eadt c\u1ea9u khi c\u00f2n treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.15\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o m\u00f3c c\u1ea9u ra kh\u1ecfi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 neo ch\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00fang theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi). Kh\u00f4ng cho x\u00ea d\u1ecbch k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1o m\u00f3c c\u1ea9u, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.16\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eebng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c khi ch\u01b0a l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.17\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt c\u1ea9u l\u00ean s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng, s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.18\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh xong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.19\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111ang l\u1eafp r\u00e1p (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean ch\u00fang), ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.1.20\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1ea9u l\u1eafp g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2 L\u1eafp gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2.1\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp c\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng khung d\u1eabn, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00e8n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb xong, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o di \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb s\u00e0n treo.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m m\u00e1i, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c d\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng s\u00e0n ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp xong ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng s\u00e0n ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng s\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2.4\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ea7u thang, chi\u1ebfu ngh\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi l\u1eafp t\u1ea5m c\u1ea7u thang, n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp l\u1eafp lan can c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m lan can t\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n. Ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 t\u1eebng t\u1ea5m chi\u1ebfu ngh\u1ec9 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ea7u thang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m t\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i neo \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y neo ho\u1eb7c thanh ch\u1ed1ng theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.2.7\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ban c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u00f4 v\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thanh ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Khi c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ban c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u00f4 v\u0103ng v\u00e0 l\u1eafp lan can cho ban c\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3 L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3.1\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1m, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh khi c\u1ea9u l\u1eafp.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3.2\u00a0<\/b>L\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb gi\u00e0n v\u00ec k\u00e8o n\u00e0y sang gi\u00e0n v\u00ec k\u00e8o kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e1t v\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1ng gi\u00f3, thanh ch\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c x\u00e0 g\u1ed3 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thanh c\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n v\u00ec k\u00e8o. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean thanh c\u00e1nh h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n, khi c\u00f3 d\u00e2y c\u00e1p c\u0103ng d\u1ecdc theo gi\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f3c d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n. L\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1nh tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n th\u00e9p, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u1ed9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,5 m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 lan can b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cao 1,0 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec3n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed bu\u1ed9c m\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c d\u00e2y c\u00e1p c\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bu\u1ed9c m\u00f3c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thanh gi\u1eb1ng, b\u1ea3n n\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp khung c\u1eeda tr\u1eddi chung v\u1edbi gi\u00e0n. Khi l\u1eafp khung c\u1eeda tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u00fang tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o m\u00f3c c\u1ea9u ra kh\u1ecfi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed9t, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 4 bul\u00f4ng neo gi\u1eef \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u00eda ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef b\u1eb1ng khung d\u1eabn v\u00e0 d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e0n v\u00ec k\u00e8o, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp xong c\u00e1c x\u00e0 g\u1ed3, c\u00e1c thanh gi\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 50 % s\u1ed1 bul\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111inh t\u00e1n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u00e0n, d\u00f9ng bul\u00f4ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi b\u1eaft v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 bul\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 b\u1eaft bul\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng t\u00e1n \u0111inh, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft bul\u00f4ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng 20 % s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7 theo chu vi;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 bul\u00f4ng r\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20 % chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3.6\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01a1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 2 m tr\u1edf l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.18.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khi c\u00e1c m\u00f3ng, ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19 L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao v\u00e0 m\u00e1i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.1.1\u00a0<\/b>\u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c cao bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 cao \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01a1n 2 m, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 xung quanh c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh m\u1edf b\u1eb1ng lan can theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lan can an to\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u thang, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c thang t\u1ef1a ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean cao v\u00e0 m\u00e1i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng lan can, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2 L\u00e0m m\u00e1i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 25<sup>o<\/sup>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u00f3c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 25<sup>o<\/sup>, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thang g\u1ea5p \u0111\u1eb7t qua b\u1edd n\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i an to\u00e0n. Thang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 30 cm, c\u00e1c thanh ngang \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u nhau m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang 40 cm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean m\u00e1i \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m m\u00e1i c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean m\u00e1i t\u1eebng t\u1ea5m m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t ngay v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea5m l\u00ean m\u00e1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 tr\u00ean m\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng l\u0103n, tr\u01b0\u1ee3t theo m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p do t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.6\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp m\u00e1i \u0111ua, l\u00e0m m\u00e1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, t\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eafn m\u00e1i, b\u1eadu c\u1eeda tr\u1eddi, b\u1edd m\u00e1i, \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, \u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc&#8230; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.7\u00a0<\/b>Trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111ang c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao v\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u00e1i, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea5m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i. H\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ng\u0103n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00e9p m\u00e1i theo h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch 2 m khi m\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 7 m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch 3 m khi m\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 7 m. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.8\u00a0<\/b>L\u00e0m m\u00e1i c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi tum ph\u1ea3i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.11.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.9\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean cao v\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u00e1i, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m l\u1ee3p v\u00e0 thu d\u1ecdn h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.10\u00a0<\/b>C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0m m\u00e1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ean cao, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.2.11\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 m\u1edf tr\u00ean m\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3 L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i tr\u00ean cao, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. L\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o \u1edf kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.2\u00a0<\/b>S\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 65 cm t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u00e0n gi\u00e1o ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u1ea1nh trong c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 20 cm \u1edf m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.5\u00a0<\/b>S\u00e0n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean: L\u1ed1i v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i; \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt r\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thang ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 leo l\u00ean \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Trong khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1edf kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.19.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n; \u0110\u1eb7t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c t\u00fai kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng; K\u00e9o theo v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng b\u1eb1ng tay; Neo r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o thang leo m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang; L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh; Leo l\u00ean \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thang ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ea5t, x\u1ebfp, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c xe m\u00e1y, s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, thang khi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n: tr\u00e1t, s\u01a1n, m\u1ed9c, k\u00ednh, l\u00e1t&#8230; ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.4, 2.6 v\u00e0 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u1edf tr\u00ean cao, tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 3,5 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1edf hai hay nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1ebfu \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e0n che ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u00e1t, s\u01a1n, d\u00e1n gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1p c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m l\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn qu\u00e1 36 V.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.2 Tr\u00e1t<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u00e1t b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chi ti\u1ebft k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u1eefa l\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c cao kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 5 m, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c cao tr\u00ean 5 m, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y n\u00e2ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi tay \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng v\u1eefa l\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c cao qu\u00e1 2 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00f9ng, x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u1eefa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u01a1i, tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y phun v\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y phun v\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u1ee7ng, g\u0103ng tay v\u00e0 k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.2.5\u00a0<\/b>\u0110i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tr\u00e1t trong b\u1ec3, h\u1ea7m k\u00edn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 36 V.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi tr\u1ed9n v\u1eefa c\u00f3 pha c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. N\u01a1i tr\u1ed9n v\u1eefa c\u00f3 pha clo ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u1edf n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 xa khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 0,5 km (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn). Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1t v\u1eefa c\u00f3 pha clo trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng, h\u1ea7m, h\u00e0o k\u00edn khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u1eefa pha clo ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n theo \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3 Qu\u00e9t v\u00f4i, s\u01a1n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Qu\u00e9t v\u00f4i, s\u01a1n v\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.2\u00a0<\/b>S\u01a1n khung c\u1eeda tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean khung c\u1eeda tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t v\u00f4i, s\u01a1n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00e1ch n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c s\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 5 m. \u1ede \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 5 m, n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng thang t\u1ef1a ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u thang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ec thang v\u00e0o khung c\u1eeda s\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.4\u00a0<\/b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y s\u01a1n v\u00f4i, s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.5\u00a0<\/b>S\u01a1n b\u00ean trong nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u01a1n b\u00ean trong nh\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1eeda v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 trong ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 h.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t sinh tia l\u1eeda \u1edf trong khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1n nitr\u00f4. Ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu trong ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o trong bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e9t v\u00f4i, s\u01a1n c\u00f3 pha c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.9\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf s\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf s\u01a1n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5. C\u00e1c th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u ghi r\u00f5 t\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, m\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u, lo\u1ea1i dung m\u00f4i, s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ng\u00e0y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.10\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 pha ch\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng d\u1ea7u b\u1eafn ra ngo\u00e0i. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a d\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 1\/4 dung t\u00edch th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u. N\u01a1i \u0111un d\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.3.11\u00a0<\/b>Khi t\u1ea9y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp s\u01a1n c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo g\u0103ng tay cao su v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng g\u00e1o c\u00f3 c\u00e1n d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00fac. Dung d\u1ecbch th\u1ea3i ra sau khi t\u1ea9y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4 D\u00e1n p\u00f4-li-iz\u00f4-bu-ti-len v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.1\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda, th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 p\u00f4-li-iz\u00f4-bu-ti-len v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng h\u1ed3 d\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng x\u0103ng \u00ea-ti-len \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Trong x\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef x\u0103ng \u00ea- ti-len v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.3\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a x\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 d\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i k\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7 c\u00f3 \u0111ai ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh th\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecdc cao su.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ed3 d\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c x\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh nh\u00f4m, b\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo ho\u1eb7c b\u00ecnh tr\u00e1ng k\u1ebdm c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn. Khi m\u00fac h\u1ed3 d\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng g\u00e1o nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 quai.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00e1n p\u00f4-li-iz\u00f4-bu-ti-len v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, ph\u00f2ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 12 V.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh tia l\u1eeda trong ph\u1ea1m vi d\u00e1n p\u00f4-li-iz\u00f4-bu-ti- len v\u1edbi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh 25 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e1n p\u00f4-li-iz\u00f4-bu-ti-len b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang d\u00e1n p\u00f4-li-iz\u00f4-bu-ti-len ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.4.8\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.5 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xi m\u0103ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 s\u01a1n ac-\u0111\u00ea-m\u00edt<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.5.1\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u xi m\u0103ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1ch khu v\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 25 m. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u trong ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee5p h\u00fat gi\u00f3 \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.5.2\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1t ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.5.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho xi m\u0103ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng n\u1ea5u ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 th\u00f9ng. Kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ee9a xi m\u0103ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111\u1ea7y qu\u00e1 3\/4 th\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.5.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1ed5 xi m\u0103ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp x\u00e2y l\u00f3t l\u00f2, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.5.5\u00a0<\/b>B\u1ed9t ac-\u0111\u00ea-m\u00edt ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a trong th\u00f9ng c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 trong ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.5.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi tr\u1ed9n b\u1ed9t ac-\u0111\u00ea-m\u00edt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 g\u0103ng tay cao su.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6 \u1ed0p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.1\u00a0<\/b>Khu v\u1ef1c gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.2\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebdo \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i c\u00e1ch xa nhau \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 3 m; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch tr\u00ean th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1ed3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u1ebdo \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u trang.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi gia c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea3i k\u00ea ch\u00e8n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.4\u00a0<\/b>N\u01a1i c\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u00e0n g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t. Ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd s\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01a1n ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.5\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u00f2ng gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 sinh b\u1ee5i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo kh\u1ea9u trang ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m tay \u0111\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.5.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 gia c\u00f4ng \u1edf kho b\u00e3i ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.2.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.6.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u1ed1p c\u00e1c vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Khi \u1ed1p c\u00e1c vi\u00ean c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1. Ph\u1ea3i \u1ed1p theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.7 K\u00ednh<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.7.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1, chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 l\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m k\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u00ean cao, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u00e0n che b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1eb1m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.7.2\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp k\u00ednh cho khung c\u1eeda tr\u1eddi, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean cao ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.7.3\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1a thang v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t k\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c khung c\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.7.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m k\u00ednh l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3i do \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh, ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u0103ng tay v\u1ea3i b\u1ea1t, d\u00e2y th\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m l\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng cao su ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. Khi di chuy\u1ec3n, t\u1ea5m k\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.7.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi trang tr\u00ed m\u1eb7t k\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y phun c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng a-x\u00edt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9, g\u0103ng tay&#8230; theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.20.8 M\u1ed9c<\/b><\/p>\n<p>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, c\u1eeda ra ban c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb ph\u00eda b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.1\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.5 v\u00e0 2.6 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c r\u00e3nh, h\u1ed1 \u1edf m\u00f3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1ed7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng qua l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea9u \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00ean cao, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ecd s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c b\u00e1m d\u00ednh v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi ph\u1ea3i thi c\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang c\u00f2n k\u00ea t\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng k\u00edch ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang treo tr\u00ean d\u00e2y c\u00e1p, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u0129nh r\u00f4to m\u00e1y n\u00e9n tuabin, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m,\u2026ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. S\u1ee9c n\u00e2ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 1,5 l\u1ea7n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f4to. C\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i cao b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng r\u00f4to l\u0103n, tr\u00f4i b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a gh\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u0103n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i ra ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i cao l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng theo chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1ebfu khung c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb1ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang theo bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 3 d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o d\u00e2y ra khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.9\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft, c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.11\u00a0<\/b>Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n; ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.12\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t sinh ra tia l\u1eeda. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m \u1ea5m m\u00e1y (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft) b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng gi\u1ebb t\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 lau ch\u00f9i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Gi\u1ebb c\u00f3 d\u00ednh d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 trong th\u00f9ng s\u1eaft, khi xong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i mang ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u00f2ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9m c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e1y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh ra tia l\u1eeda;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i gi\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh hay c\u00e1 s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00f4xi, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng gi\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 lau ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f2n k\u00ea c\u00f3 d\u00ednh d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.1.14\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 sau khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.2 L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.2.1\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.2.2\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 khi c\u00f3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i) ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy\u1ec7t;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; R\u00e0o ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0o trong khu v\u1ef1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ec7 m\u00e1y, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n, trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, phanh h\u00e3m, c\u00e1c ph\u1eadn \u0111o ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c; L\u00e0m v\u1ec7 sinh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 ra kh\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, t\u1ed5 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3.2\u00a0<\/b>\u00c1p l\u1ef1c trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng t\u1eeb t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3.3\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i, sau \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n khi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ea1y c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i; ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3.5\u00a0<\/b>Sau khi ng\u1eebng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1, trong gi\u1edd ngh\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c l\u00fac xem x\u00e9t ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u1eeda, n\u1eafp, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7t b\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 c\u00e1c che ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed v\u00e0 khi ch\u01b0a b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng tham gia;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda n\u1eafp, l\u00e0m v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 tra d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; T\u00ec, t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng; L\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.1\u00a0<\/b>B\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.4, \u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean xe v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00ea d\u1ecbch theo c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.2\u00a0<\/b>\u1ed0ng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n ra tuy\u1ebfn thi c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch xa m\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1,5 m. C\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0n li\u1ec1n nhau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 k\u00ea chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u0103n ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi gia c\u00f4ng \u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u01a1 s\u1edf gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, gia c\u00f4ng \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ea7n quay c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 h\u00e0n \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00e3m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Xoay \u1ed1ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u0103n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch g\u1ec9 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 khi u\u1ed1n \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1. Khi c\u1ea7n d\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng g\u00e1o c\u00f3 c\u00e1n d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c thang \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o d\u00e2y d\u1eabn th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0 h\u00e0n c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i treo, n\u1ebfu ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi h\u00e0n, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, l\u00e0m k\u00edn c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che m\u01b0a n\u1eafng. Ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean 30<sup>o<\/sup>C v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u01b0a \u01b0\u1edbt hay gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh th\u1ed5i v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1ea1o, r\u1eeda \u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee1. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ea1o r\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u01a1n \u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn bi tum, x\u0103ng, ma t\u00edt, ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.11 v\u00e0 2.20.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.11\u00a0<\/b>L\u00e1n tr\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m n\u01a1i r\u1eeda \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 xa n\u01a1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u00e0o, sau khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng g\u1eady ho\u1eb7c x\u00e0 beng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea9y l\u0103n t\u1ef1 do \u1ed1ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u00e0o. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thanh ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e1ch h\u00e0o l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee1 \u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ee5t xu\u1ed1ng trong khi \u0111ang h\u1ea1 \u1ed1ng, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p d\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5t sau khi \u0111\u00e3 k\u00ea \u0111\u1ee1 \u1ed1ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. \u0110\u00f2n k\u00ea ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eddm kh\u1ecfi m\u00e9p h\u00e0o \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 \u1ed1ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u00e0o, c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng. D\u00e2y c\u00e1p, th\u1eebng ch\u00e3o, r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc&#8230; ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1eed t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n g\u1ea5p 6 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.14\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecdc theo tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u0103ng th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ee5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p h\u00e0o \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.15\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u00e0o, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 10<sup>o\u00a0<\/sup>(s\u01b0\u1eddn, \u0111\u1ed3i, s\u01b0\u1eddn m\u01b0\u01a1ng,&#8230; ) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.16\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2n k\u00ea, t\u1ea5m k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 l\u0103n ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho v\u00e1ch h\u00e0o \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.17\u00a0<\/b>Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean trong gi\u1ebfng ho\u1eb7c trong b\u1ec3, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng gi\u1ebfng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed1i ra v\u00e0o b\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.18\u00a0<\/b>Thi c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.1.3. Tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ea7m qua khu v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n qua l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u khi thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.19\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng cho thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi tr\u00ean b\u1edd b\u1eb1ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c loa, c\u00f2i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.20\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 cho th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c khi c\u00f3 s\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 c\u1ea5p 3. T\u1ea7u thuy\u1ec1n qua l\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang c\u00f3 th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i c\u00e1ch xa thuy\u1ec1n l\u1eb7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 50 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.21\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00e9o \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y s\u00f4ng, h\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i phanh v\u00e0 ch\u00e8n ch\u1eb7t toa xe ch\u1edf \u1ed1ng. T\u1eddi k\u00e9o \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00e2y neo ch\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.22\u00a0<\/b>Trong khi k\u00e9o \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u; ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 huy ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o li\u00ean l\u1ea1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.23\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111i qua khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang k\u00e9o \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.24\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 hai song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.25\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ngang qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o; ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.26\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ngang qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft khi t\u00e0u s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.27\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch ly cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u1edf trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng sang hai b\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.1.28\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.2 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.2.1\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n l\u1eafp n\u1ed1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, con-xon, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c kim lo\u1ea1i, tr\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u00e1 treo&#8230;) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, con-xon, gi\u00e1 treo c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u1eddng hay s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo k\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 xung quanh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.2.4\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh, s\u00e0nh s\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c F\u00earo &#8211; silic c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 l\u00e0m b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.4.2.5\u00a0<\/b>Trong x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m \u1ed1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t sau khi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.1\u00a0<\/b>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb b\u01a1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i qua th\u1eed th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u1ecbt k\u00edn, n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady, c\u00e1c c\u1eeda c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p m\u1eb7t b\u00edch\u2026c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u0103ng ra khi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh xem x\u00e9t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f9ng l\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t khi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.2\u00a0<\/b>Vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, n\u1ebfu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.3\u00a0<\/b>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng gang (tr\u1eeb ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng gang r\u00e8n) ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 400 kPa. C\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng gang ph\u1ea3i qua th\u1eed th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.4\u00a0<\/b>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00e1y n\u00e9n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n th\u1eed m\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 10 m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1c van an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u00e1o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01a1i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y n\u00e9n t\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m khi \u0111\u00e3 cho m\u00e1y n\u00e9n ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.5\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng trong x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t ho\u1eb7c r\u00e3nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.6\u00a0<\/b>Trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1eed b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t bu-l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t b\u00edch;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u00edch k\u00edn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1eed;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; G\u00f5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u00e1p k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u1eb1m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1eed khi \u0111ang n\u00e9n kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.7\u00a0<\/b>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng cho ph\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng th\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 50 lux.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.21.5.8\u00a0<\/b>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng theo B\u1ea3ng 7.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u1ea3ng 7 &#8211; V\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"232\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>Lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng<br \/>\n(mm)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\"><b>B\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m<br \/>\n(m)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"232\">1. \u1ed0ng th\u00e9p v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1eed 1 000 kPa<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1edbi 300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1eeb 300 \u0111\u1ebfn 1 000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\">Tr\u00ean 1 000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"232\">2. \u1ed0ng gang v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1eed 150 kPa<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1edbi 500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\">Tr\u00ean 500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"232\">3.\u1ed0ng gang v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1eed 600 kPa<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\">T\u1edbi 500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"137\">\n<p align=\"center\">Tr\u00ean 500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"176\">\n<p align=\"center\">25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>2.22 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Di chuy\u1ec3n, n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3ng, ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khi ch\u00fang \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Di chuy\u1ec3n, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 neo bu\u1ed9c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y th\u00e9p, x\u00edch, c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 \u1edf ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5. Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe, ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng v\u1ee1, x\u00e2y x\u00e1t, va \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ed1ng m\u01b0a n\u1eafng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng va ch\u1ea1m, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1eafc, ch\u1ed1ng rung.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, ch\u1ed1ng m\u01b0a n\u1eafng, ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, n\u00f3ng, b\u1ee5i, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1i t\u1ef1a, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. Trong khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1p tr\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.6\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 12 V.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y li t\u00e2m l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea3i treo bi\u1ec3n &#8220;C\u1ea5m l\u1eeda&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.8\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 \u0103n kh\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ng\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.9\u00a0<\/b>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ng\u1eaft do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.10\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ea7u ch\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1o ra trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian thi c\u00f4ng. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sau khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.11\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i, ng\u1eebng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong bu\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i ra kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb xa b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ph\u1ea3i treo bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o &#8220;C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy hi\u1ec3m&#8221; tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean trong b\u1ed9 g\u00f3p kh\u00ed, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t van gi\u1eef kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o v\u00e0 treo bi\u1ec3n &#8220;C\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.14\u00a0<\/b>Van an to\u00e0n tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh g\u00f3p kh\u00ed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 th\u1eed v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 10 %.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.15\u00a0<\/b>Cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed r\u01a1-le, \u00e1p-t\u00f4-m\u00e1t m\u00e1y ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m theo phi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.1.16\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea7n h\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn, khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u00e1t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng v\u00e1n che t\u1ea1m. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n thi c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.2 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u, x\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 lau ch\u00f9i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 trang b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n quay ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3. L\u1eafp r\u00e1p xong ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y. Qu\u1ea1t th\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea5y m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea5y m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1ecf m\u00e1y v\u00e0 th\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.2.5\u00a0<\/b>S\u1ea5y m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea1m m\u00e1t. Ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda h\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 xem nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.2.6\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3 L\u1eafp v\u00e0 n\u1ea1p \u1eafc quy<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh ra tia l\u1eeda \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng \u1eafc quy. Gian ch\u1ee9a \u1eafc quy ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb 6 V tr\u1edf l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u1ecf k\u00ednh bao ngo\u00e0i. Ngo\u00e0i k\u00ednh bao ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp th\u00e9p ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1. D\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i trong \u1ed1ng kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi x\u1ea3y ra ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u00f2ng \u1eafc quy ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1ng, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 30 min.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.3\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n axit, ki\u1ec1m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u01a1i n\u1eafn, l\u1eafp h\u00e0n c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n, n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.4\u00a0<\/b>Trong ph\u00f2ng pha ch\u1ebf dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Ph\u00f2ng \u1eafc quy ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc hay th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch trung t\u00ednh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i s\u01a1n m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Gi\u00e1 k\u00ea \u1eafc quy axit v\u00e0 \u1eafc quy ki\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng cao su.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.5\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 axit, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha trong c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha dung d\u1ecbch axit trong c\u00e1c ch\u1eadu th\u1ee7y tinh. Ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 axit, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, ch\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m r\u01a1i v\u00e3i ra, ph\u1ea3i trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0 r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch axit b\u00f4ric n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng qua \u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.6\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0: c\u1ea1o sun-ph\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u1eafn l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u00ec, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t. Khi c\u1ea1o sun-ph\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u00ec, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ebb lau. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lau tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng tay.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.7\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng, di chuy\u1ec3n, k\u00ea k\u00edch c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 k\u00ea c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7t hay thay c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1y b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.3.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c k\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u00ecnh \u1eafc quy, ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo g\u0103ng tay cao su c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi v\u1eb7n \u0111ai \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh \u1eafc quy v\u1edbi nhau, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u00eca v\u1eb7n ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi n\u1eafn c\u00e1c d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng t\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u00f3 r\u00e0o che ch\u1eafn xung quanh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean thang t\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c thang g\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o c\u0103ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb1m ngang c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 4 mm.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.3\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf thay cho m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c l\u1edbn. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec n\u1ed5 v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng 3 pha.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.4\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ri\u00eang r\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.5\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n khi c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.6\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quay tang k\u00e9o d\u00e2y c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ed5 h\u1ebft \u0111inh nh\u00f4 ra tr\u00ean tang v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p nh\u00f4 ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.7\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1p, tang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c l\u00ean m\u00e9p h\u00e0o, ph\u1ea3i theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.12. T\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t tang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1ea3 c\u00e1p, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ee5t l\u1edf v\u00e1ch h\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u1ea3 c\u00e1p kh\u1ecfi tang b\u1eb1ng t\u1eddi hay b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u00e3m tang c\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng tay \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u1edf c\u00e1c g\u00f3c ngo\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.10\u00a0<\/b>Vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 c\u00e1p ng\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng t\u1eddi qua r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc \u1edf gi\u1ebfng c\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c bu\u1ed3ng c\u00e1p \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.11\u00a0<\/b>L\u1eafp c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p n\u1ed1i c\u00e1p c\u00f3 s\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Eb\u00f4nit, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.12\u00a0<\/b>Khi b\u1ecbt k\u00edn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y c\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ec5u ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng x\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda v\u1ecf hay d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn, ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.13\u00a0<\/b>Khi \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e8n h\u00e0n n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y bi tum v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c h\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u1edf ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. Bi tum v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c h\u00e0n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p k\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.14\u00a0<\/b>L\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.15\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo, bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.6.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.16\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e2ng k\u00e9o, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. D\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u1ecfang gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.17\u00a0<\/b>Trong l\u00fac \u0111ang k\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o d\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c xe c\u1ed9 \u0111i qua khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang v\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u00e2y, t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m giao th\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.18\u00a0<\/b>Trong khi k\u00e9o d\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c leo l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.19\u00a0<\/b>Khi d\u00f9ng th\u00e1p n\u00e2ng ho\u1eb7c thang di \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea3i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.20\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t di \u0111\u1ed9ng hai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfang gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y, sao cho kh\u1ecfang c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 3 km; ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed9t m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.4.21\u00a0<\/b>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p n\u00e2ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 4,5 m v\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 xe c\u1ed9 qua l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 6 m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.5 L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.5.1\u00a0<\/b>Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n trong tr\u1ea1m \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, khi c\u00f3 phi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.5.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p trong tr\u1ea1m, ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00eda h\u1ea1 \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3ng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.5.3\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 n\u1ed1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i k\u00edn v\u00e0 h\u1edf v\u1edbi d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u00e1c k\u1eb9p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ea1ch s\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1eb9p d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecf k\u1eb9p. Khi b\u1eaft d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o v\u1ecf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Khi th\u00e1o d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.6 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, b\u00e0n giao \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.6.1\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u00fd l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.6.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n trong x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.6.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i g\u00e1 l\u1eafp, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn che ch\u1eafn, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o, trang b\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.6.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.22.6.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n giao, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi quan s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng xa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i che ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng, t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed9t, d\u1ea7m, s\u00e0n tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1y, n\u1ed5, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng trong v\u00e0 sau khi ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngay th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n, bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n qua l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.3\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 h\u1ebft bom \u0111\u1ea1n (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n m\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft b\u1ecf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169, thay b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 thi c\u00f4ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi c\u1eaft, k\u00e9o, th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.4\u00a0<\/b>Khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 xe c\u1ed9 qua l\u1ea1i, ban \u0111\u00eam ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u. R\u00e0o cao 2 m, bao quanh khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1, c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.5\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n chung.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.6\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u1ec1 ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i m\u1eafc v\u00e0o c\u1ed9t ri\u00eang, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eafc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang th\u00e1o d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.7\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ede hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi \u0111ang c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p che ch\u1eafn an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.8\u00a0<\/b>Khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u1edf tr\u00ean cao, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ng\u0103n khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m \u1edf b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.9\u00a0<\/b>Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e1o d\u1ee1, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Khi c\u1eaft k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ra t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb s\u1eadp b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ecb c\u1eaft r\u1eddi v\u0103ng v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 \u00f4 v\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn cheo leo, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.11\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5m m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc hai b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1p k\u00e9o. M\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1eadp l\u1edf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch xa c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng 1,5 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i QCVN 02: 2008\/BCT.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn tr\u00ean cao ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.1.14\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, tr\u1ee5 g\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n 1,5 m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng. kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay (cho\u00f2ng, b\u00faa..) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee5c ph\u00e1. m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee5c \u1edf ch\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.2 Ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00f2m h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.2.1\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 cao b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn, ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u1eeb khi khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.2.2\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00f2m h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh xu\u1ed1ng hai ph\u00eda; th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00f2m h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1nh bu\u1ed3m, ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 t\u1eebng d\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 0,5 m theo v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh xu\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.2.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00f2m ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00f2m, ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i 2.8.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.2.4\u00a0<\/b>Th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00f2m l\u00f2, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean v\u00f2m l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1. Khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 v\u00f2m l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.3 Ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 t\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.3.1\u00a0<\/b>T\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 theo t\u1eebng t\u1ea7ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean m\u00e1i xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.4 Ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 s\u00e0n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.4.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n s\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.4.2\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nguy hi\u1ec3m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u00f4 s\u00e0n h\u1edf m\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.5 Ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.5.1\u00a0<\/b>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, ph\u1ea3i ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.5.2\u00a0<\/b>K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 theo t\u1eebng t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.5.3\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p sau khi ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.6 C\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.6.1\u00a0<\/b>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y cao th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gia c\u1ed1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.6.2\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u1edf tr\u00ean s\u00e0n t\u1ea7ng, ph\u1ea3i l\u00f3t k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u1edf s\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m lan can ch\u1eafc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khoang ch\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.6.3\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed, d\u1eabn h\u01a1i&#8230;, ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn, kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng van trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.6.4\u00a0<\/b>Khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n v\u00f2m, v\u00f2m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u00e1n khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ph\u1ea3i r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.23.6.5\u00a0<\/b>S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00f2 nung \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m che ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u0103n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24 Thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.1\u00a0<\/b>Khi thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u1edf g\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd: B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00e1nh r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc; C\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.2\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n, khi thi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u1edf g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m sau:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, l\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n, d\u00e2y b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Phao c\u1ee9u sinh, \u00e1o c\u1ee9u sinh v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee9u sinh (ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4t\u00f4);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t (s\u1ed1ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.3\u00a0<\/b>C\u1ea7u t\u00e0u, thuy\u1ec1n phao, c\u1ea7u, ch\u00e2n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.4\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ch\u00f2i, l\u00e1n che ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.5\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee9u sinh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0: d\u00e2y c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, m\u00f3c c\u00e2u, phao.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.6\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e8 m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eb1ng n\u00e9o, neo \u0111\u1eadu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.7\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ma s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c che ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.8\u00a0<\/b>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.9\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u1ed5i, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.10\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng b\u01a1m th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, khi kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.11\u00a0<\/b>D\u00e2y t\u1eddi, d\u00e2y k\u00e9o, x\u00f4, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eaft v\u00e0 d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c thuy\u1ec1n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.12\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00ean v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.1.13\u00a0<\/b>Ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec3m danh ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.2 Thuy\u1ec1n<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.3 C\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.3.1\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, \u00e1o c\u1ee9u sinh&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.3.2\u00a0<\/b>Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><b>2.24.3.3\u00a0<\/b>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m, khi x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p><b>3 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>3.1\u00a0<\/b>B\u1ed9 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><b>3.2\u00a0<\/b>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thanh tra, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><b>3.3\u00a0<\/b>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u1ec1 B\u1ed9 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u1ed9i dung to\u00e0n v\u0103n Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia QCVN 18:2014\/BXD v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng QCVN 18: 2014\/BXD QUY CHU\u1ea8N K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT QU\u1ed0C GIA AN TO\u00c0N TRONG X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG National technical regulation on Safety in Construction \u00a0 M\u1ee4C L\u1ee4C M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u 1 Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung 1.1 Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3715,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[119],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-luat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3711"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3711\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3713,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3711\/revisions\/3713"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}