{"id":2495,"date":"2020-02-07T03:59:51","date_gmt":"2020-02-07T03:59:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thuvienxaydung.com.vn\/?p=2495"},"modified":"2020-05-02T00:27:28","modified_gmt":"2020-05-02T00:27:28","slug":"du-toan-xay-dung-cong-trinh-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/?p=2495","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u1ef0 TO\u00c1N X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG C\u00d4NG TR\u00ccNH L\u00c0 G\u00cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n “D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?” Hay “D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec “, Vai tr\u00f2 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/p>\n

I.\u00a0 KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M<\/strong><\/h3>\n

D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n.<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Gi\u00fap ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i chi tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh mong mu\u1ed1n<\/p>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o k\u00fd k\u1ebft H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m tra, th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, thanh quy\u1ebft to\u00e1n\u2026<\/p>\n

T\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 file\u00a0m\u1eabu d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y tham kh\u1ea3o.<\/h3>\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft g\u00ec tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, thi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea5t. 80% c\u00e1c m\u1eabu tin tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\"D\u1ef0<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n.<\/strong><\/h3>\n

L\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho bi\u1ebft chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t v\u1ed1n vay v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n, k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, thanh quy\u1ebft to\u00e1n khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea7u; L\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 g\u00f3i th\u1ea7u, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khi \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p chi ph\u00ed, c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung chi ph\u00ed ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

L\u1eadp theo m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
<\/figure>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec ? . Mong r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n. C\u1ea3m \u01a1n c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 theo d\u00f5i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hay t\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/a> nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan c\u00f9ng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/a><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. Tham kh\u1ea3o : 11 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/a> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng<\/a> \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 : Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/a> l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n
  4. T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/a> D\u00e2n D\u1ee5ng – C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p – Giao th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n
  5. Dowload, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n<\/a> m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u1ea3m \u01a1n c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng\u00a0H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/a>. Ch\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    D\u1ef0 TO\u00c1N X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG C\u00d4NG TR\u00ccNH L\u00c0 G\u00cc B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n “D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?” Hay “D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec “, Vai tr\u00f2 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng: I.\u00a0 KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M D\u1ef1 to\u00e1n l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn t\u00ednh…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2497,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2495"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4831,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2495\/revisions\/4831"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tailieuxaydung.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}